python datetime to timestamp_[转载]python time, datetime, string, timestamp相互转换

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# Python Time Conversion #

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-- 一. 时间的表示类型 --

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py中可能涉及的time有四种类型

1. time string

2. datetime

tuple(datetime obj)

3. time tuple(time

obj)

4. timestamp

1. time string

string是最简单的表示time的方式

如如下代码生成的即为string

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>>> time.ctime()

'Mon Dec 17 21:02:55

2012'

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或者更简单的生成一个字符串

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time_string =

'2000-01-02 03:04:05'

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2. datetime tuple(datetime obj)

datetime tuple是datetime.datetime对象类型

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>>>

datetime.now()

datetime.datetime(2012,

12, 17, 21, 3, 44, 139715)

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3. time tuple(time obj)

time tuple是time.struct_time对象类型

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time.struct_time(tm_year=2008, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=10, tm_hour=17,

tm_min=53, tm_sec=59, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=315, tm_isdst=-1)

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4. timestamp

时间戳类型:自1970年1月1日(00:00:00 GMT)以来的秒数

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>>> time.time()

1355749338.05917

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-- 二. 类型之间的转换 --

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1. string 转换为其它

初始化:

date_str = "2008-11-10

17:53:59"

1.1 string --> datetime obj

导入:

import datetime

datetime.datetime.strptime(string, format)

eg

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>>> dt_obj =

datetime.datetime.strptime(date_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

>>> dt_obj

datetime.datetime(2008,

11, 10, 17, 53, 59)

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1.2 string --> time obj

导入:

import time

time.strptime(string,

format)

eg

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#time模块有类似datetime中的strptime()函数

>>> date_str =

"2008-11-10 17:53:59"

>>> t_obj =

time.strptime(date_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

>>> t_obj

time.struct_time(tm_year=2008, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=10, tm_hour=17,

tm_min=53, tm_sec=59, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=315, tm_isdst=-1)

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2. datetime obj转换为其它

datetime obj转换为其它类型,用的都是datetime的函数

初始化:

dt_obj =

datetime.datetime(2008, 11, 10, 17, 53, 59)

2.1 dt obj --> string

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date_str =

dt_obj.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

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2.2 dt obj --> time obj

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time_tuple =

dt_obj.timetuple()

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3. time obj转换为其它

初始化:

time_tuple = (2008, 11,

12, 13, 51, 18, 2, 317, 0)

3.1 time obj --> string

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date_str =

time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time_tuple)

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3.2 time obj --> datetime obj

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datetime.datetime(*time_tuple[0:6])

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3.3 time obj --> timestamp

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ts =

time.mktime(time_tuple)

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4. timestamp转换为其它

初始化:

timestamp =

1226527167.595983

--!!--注意以下两种都使用local时区

4.1 timestamp --> dt obj

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dt_obj =

datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)

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4.2 timestamp --> time obj

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time_tuple =

time.localtime(timestamp)

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--!!--以下两种方式和时区相关,比较标准时区时间和本地时区时间

4.3 使用UTC --> dt obj

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#本地时区时间

>>>

datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(tm)

datetime.datetime(2012,

12, 17, 23, 39, 58, 401881)

#标准时区时间

>>>

datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(tm)

datetime.datetime(2012,

12, 17, 15, 39, 58, 401881)

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4.4 使用UTC --> time obj

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#本地时区时间

>>>

time.localtime(tm)

time.struct_time(tm_year=2012, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=17, tm_hour=23,

tm_min=39, tm_sec=58, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=352, tm_isdst=0)

#标准时区时间

>>>

time.gmtime(tm)

time.struct_time(tm_year=2012, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=17, tm_hour=15,

tm_min=39, tm_sec=58, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=352, tm_isdst=0)

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