mysql安装步骤_Linux CentOS实战安装MySQL 5.7.28

注：本文档的Linux环境为基于CentOS 7.X，文档中提到的路径为作者安装的路径，具体安装请以实际情况为准。

1、 安装准备

MySQL版本： mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

步骤1、下载mysql， 进入到/use/local目录下下载mysql安装包：

[root@localhost local]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

步骤2、解压mysql压缩包：

[root@localhost local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

步骤3、在当前目录中对解压好的文件重命名为mysql：

[root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

步骤4、在/usr/local/mysql目录下创建数据存放目录

[root@localhost local]#cd mysql

[root@localhost mysql]#mkdir data

步骤5、修改/usr/local/mysql及目录下的所属用户及用户组修改为mysql

添加用户组：groupadd mysql #添加用户组

添加mysql用户：useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql #添加mysql用户

[root@localhost mysql]# cd ..

[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

2、 数据库安装和初始化

1. 到/usr/local/mysql/bin目录下安装和初始化数据库：

[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share --lc_messages=en_US

注意：如果出现 error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 错误，则执行 yum install libaio-devel.x86_64 后再执行安装命令。

注意：图中红色框中 mbiDOS;pl6.)为用户临时密码，此步骤一定要留意，注意保存MySQL的登录密码。

2. 在/usr/local/mysql/support-files/目录下拷贝my-default.cnf到/etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost mysql]# cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

如果没有my-default.cnf文件，直接执行命令：vi /etc/my.cnf，填写相应的mysql参数，如无需填写，数据":wq"保存并退出即可。

MySQL参数配置参考如下：

[mysqld]

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

max_connections=1000

skip-name-resolve

init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'

character-set-server = utf8

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

[client]

socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

default-character-set=utf8

3. 到/usr/local/mysql/目录下启动服务

[root@localhost mysql]# ./support-files/mysql.server start

3、 设置开机自启动

1、进入/usr/local/mysql/support-files/目录下，给mysql服务加入开机自启动：

[root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@localhost support-files]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld

[root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig --list mysqld

2、启动mysql服务

[root@localhost support-files]# service mysqld start

4、 修改临时密码

1、 登录mysql并设置密码

[root@localhost /]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

[root@localhost /]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin

[root@localhost /]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 19

Server version: 5.7.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password=password("此处放的是要修改的密码");

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit

注：set password=password("此处放的是要修改的密码");

设置mysql用户的访问权限：

# Mysql –uroot –p

# use mysql;

# select * from user;

#selece host,user from user;

#update user set host='%' where user = 'root';

#select host.user from user;

# FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

2、 远程连接mysql 先关闭服务器防火墙

关闭防火墙：systemctl stop firewalld

禁用防火墙：systemctl disable firewalld