springboot动态切换数据源_利用springboot实现动态数据源切换。

项目地址：https://github.com/shizhenshuang123/hikaricp-demo

开发环境：

• jdk：JDK1.8+
• gradle：Gradle4.6+
• Spring：2.1.3.RELEASE+

当数据库数据达到一定数量的时候，数据库的响应将会有所缓慢，一般都会采取一些措施。例如，读写分离、分表分库、主从服务、缓存技术等等。这里采用的是多库多表。test 库中 user_info 表：

test2 库中 user_info 表：

导入依赖

compile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-web', version: '2.1.3.RELEASE'

compile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-jdbc', version: '2.1.3.RELEASE'

compileOnly group: 'org.projectlombok', name: 'lombok', version: '1.18.6'

compile group: 'mysql', name: 'mysql-connector-java', version: '8.0.15'

compile group: 'org.mybatis.generator', name: 'mybatis-generator-core', version: '1.3.5'

compile group: 'tk.mybatis', name: 'mapper', version: '4.0.2'

compile group: 'org.mybatis.spring.boot', name: 'mybatis-spring-boot-starter', version: '2.0.0'

HikariCP 在 spring-boot-starter-jdbc 中已经被引入(Spring 默认数据源)

项目结构

配置文件配置(application.yaml)默认数据源信息

spring:

datasource:

url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=CONVERT_TO_NULL&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&allowMultiQueries=true

username: root

password: admin

sql-script-encoding: UTF-8

读取配置信息 DataSourceConfig.java，创建默认的数据源

package utry.hikaricp.config;

import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

import utry.hikaricp.DataSourceProvider;

import utry.hikaricp.info.DataSourceInfo;

import utry.hikaricp.source.MyHikariDataSource;

@Configuration

@EnableTransactionManagement

publicclassDataSourceConfig{

@Value("${spring.datasource.url}")

privateString url;

@Value("${spring.datasource.username}")

privateString userName;

@Value("${spring.datasource.password}")

privateString password;

@Bean

@ConditionalOnMissingBean(MyHikariDataSource.class)

publicMyHikariDataSource dataSource() {

DataSourceInfo info = newDataSourceInfo();

info.setUrl(url);

info.setUsername(userName);

info.setPassword(password);

HikariDataSource dataSource = DataSourceProvider.create(info);

MyHikariDataSource hikariCPDataSource = newMyHikariDataSource();

hikariCPDataSource.updateDataSourceMap("1", dataSource);

return hikariCPDataSource;

}

}

通过 DataSourceProvider 创建 HikariDataSource

package utry.hikaricp;

import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariConfig;

import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource;

import utry.hikaricp.info.DataSourceInfo;

publicclassDataSourceProvider{

publicstaticHikariDataSource create(DataSourceInfo sourceInfo) {

HikariConfig hikariConfig = newHikariConfig();

hikariConfig.setUsername(sourceInfo.getUsername());

hikariConfig.setPassword(sourceInfo.getPassword());

hikariConfig.setJdbcUrl(sourceInfo.getUrl());

hikariConfig.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

returnnewHikariDataSource(hikariConfig);

}

}

最核心的数据源的类 MyHikariDataSource.java

package utry.hikaricp.source;

import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource;

import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.AbstractDataSource;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import java.io.Closeable;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

publicclassMyHikariDataSourceextendsAbstractDataSource{

privatestaticMap dataSourceMap = newHashMap<>(1);

@Override

publicConnection getConnection() throwsSQLException{

return dataSourceMap.get("1").getConnection();

}

@Override

publicConnection getConnection(String username, String password) throwsSQLException{

return dataSourceMap.get("1").getConnection(username, password);

}

privatevoid destroy(){

DataSource dataSource = dataSourceMap.get("1");

Closeable closeable = (Closeable) dataSource;

if(closeable != null) {

try{

closeable.close();

} catch(IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

publicvoid updateDataSourceMap(String key, HikariDataSource value) {

destroy();

dataSourceMap.put(key, value);

}

}

只要将上面这个类中的 DataSourceMap 集合中的 HikariDataSource 修改就能实现数据源的切换了，调用 updateDataSourceMap() 方法修改即可(修改之前，先关闭之前的数据源，这里写死的 map 中 key=1，读者可以实现动态设置)

---

实体类 UserInfo.java

package utry.hikaricp.model;

publicclassUserInfo{

privateInteger id;

privateString remarks;

publicUserInfo() {

}

publicUserInfo(Integer id, String remarks) {

this.id = id;

this.remarks = remarks;

}

publicInteger getId() {

return id;

}

publicvoid setId(Integer id) {

this.id = id;

}

publicString getRemarks() {

return remarks;

}

publicvoid setRemarks(String remarks) {

this.remarks = remarks;

}

}

HikariCpController.java 两个接口：

1. 更新数据源
2. 查询用户信息

package utry.hikaricp.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import utry.hikaricp.factory.HikariCPDataSourceFactory;

import utry.hikaricp.mapper.UserInfoMapper;

import utry.hikaricp.model.UserInfo;

@RestController

publicclassHikariCpController{

@Autowired

privateUserInfoMapper mapper;

@Autowired

privateHikariCPDataSourceFactory factory;

@RequestMapping("update")

publicvoid info(String username, String password, String url) {

factory.reload(username, password, url);

}

@RequestMapping("get")

publicUserInfoget() {

try{

UserInfo userInfo = mapper.selectByPrimaryKey(1);

return userInfo;

} catch(Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

returnnull;

}

}

启动项目

1、调用 get 接口，返回的数据是 test 库中的

2、调用 update 请求更新数据源

调用成功之后，可以看到，之前的数据源已经被 shutdown，初始化了一个新的数据源

3、再次调用 get 请求，可以看到获取的 test2 数据库中的数据