python数据可视化统计图_python可视化进阶---seaborn1.7 分类数据可视化 - 统计图 barplot() / countplot() / pointplot()...

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分类数据可视化 - 统计图

barplot() / countplot() / pointplot()

1. barplot()

#柱状图 - 置信区间估计

#置信区间：样本均值 + 抽样误差

示例1：

import numpy as np

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import seaborn as sns

sns.set_context('paper')

#加载数据

titanic = sns.load_dataset('titanic')

print(titanic.head())

sns.barplot(x = 'sex', y = 'survived', hue = 'class', data = titanic,

palette = 'hls',

order = ['male', 'female'], #筛选类别

capsize = 0.05, #误差线横向延申宽度

saturation = 8, #颜色饱和度

errcolor = 'gray', errwidth = 2, #误差线颜色、宽度

ci = 'sd' #置信区间误差 --> 0-100内值、 'sd' 、None

)

#计算数据

print(titanic.groupby(['sex', 'class']).mean()['survived'])

print(titanic.groupby(['sex', 'class']).std()['survived'])

示例2：

tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')

sns.barplot(x = 'day', y = 'total_bill', hue = 'sex', data = tips,

palette = 'Blues', edgecolor = 'w')

tips.groupby(['day','sex']).mean()

示例3:

#加载数据

crashes = sns.load_dataset('car_crashes').sort_values('total', ascending = False)

#创建图表

f, ax = plt.subplots(figsize = (6,15))

#设置第一个柱状图

sns.set_color_codes('pastel')

sns.barplot(x = 'total', y = 'abbrev', data = crashes,

label = 'Total', color = 'b', edgecolor = 'w')

#设置第二个柱状图

sns.set_color_codes('muted')

sns.barplot(x = 'alcohol', y = 'abbrev', data = crashes,

label = 'Alcohol-involved', color = 'b', edgecolor = 'w')

ax.legend(ncol = 2, loc = 'lower right')

sns.despine(left = True, bottom = True)

2、countplot()

#计数柱状图

#x/y --> 以x或者y轴绘图(横向，竖向)

#用法和barplot相似

sns.countplot(x = 'class', hue = 'who', data = titanic, palette = 'magma')

sns.pointplot(x = 'time', y = 'total_bill', hue = 'smoker', data=tips,

palette = 'hls',

dodge = True, #设置点是否分开

join = True, #是否连线

markers = ['o','x'],linestyles = ['-','--'],#设置点样式、线型

)

#计算数据

tips.groupby(['time','smoker']).mean()['total_bill']

3.pointplot()

#折线图 - 置信区间估计

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