python倒背如流_python基本操作（四）

与用户交互

为什么交互?

计算机取代人类，解放劳动力

如何交互

print('-'*100)

input('请输入你的姓名：')

print(""100)

Python2和Python3的交互(熟悉)

name = raw_input('请输入你的姓名：')

pwd = raw_input('请输入你的密码：')

print(type(name)) # 'str'

print(type(pwd)) # 'str'

格式化的输出

占位符

%s（针对所有数据类型）、%d（仅仅针对数字类型）

name = 'nick'

age = 19

print('my name is %s my age is %s' % (name, age))

my name is nick my age is 19

age = 19

print('my age is %d' % age)

my age is 19

format格式化

name = 'nick'

age = 19

print("Hello, {}. You are {}.".format(name, age))

》 Hello, nick. You are 19.

name = 'nick'

age = 19

print("Hello, {1}. You are {0}-{0}.".format(age, name)

》Hello, nick. You are 19-19.

f-String格式化

name = "john"

age = 19

print(f"Hello, {name}. You are {age}.")

Hello, john. You are 19.

大写的F也适用

salary = 6.6666

print(f'{salary:.2f}')

6.67

基本运算符

算术运算符

如：加减乘除

比较运算符

pwd = '123'

print(pwd != '123')

print(pwd =='123')

false

true

赋值运算符

此处直接贴图了，以下假设变量a为10，变量b为20。

age = 19

age = age + 1

print(age)

20

age = 19

age *= 10

print(age)

190

逻辑运算符

此处直接贴图了，以下假设变量a为10，变量b为20。

# 从左到右的方式找到逻辑运算符，找到逻辑运算符的左边，左边成立，再去找到逻辑运算符的右边

print(3 > 3 and 1 > 2 or 2 > 1) # False

True

身份运算符

身份运算符用于比较两个对象的存储单元

is和的区别：is用于判断两个对象是否为同一个（是否在同一个内存空间），用于判断引用变量得知是否相等。

x = 257

y = x

z = 257

print(f'x is y:{x is y}')

print(f'x == y:{x == y}')

print(f'x is z:{x is z}')

print(f'x == z:{x == z}')

x is y:True

x == y:True

x is z:False

x == z:True

Python运算符优先级

python运算符的优先级是由括号决定的

链式赋值

a = 10

b = 10

c = 10

d = 10

print(f'a:{a}, b:{b}, c:{c}, d:{d}')

a:10, b:10, c:10, d:10

a = b = c = d = 10

print(f'a:{a}, b:{b}, c:{c}, d:{d}')

a:10, b:10, c:10, d:10

交叉赋值

x = 100

y = 200

temp = x

x = y

y = temp

print(f'x:{x}')

print(f'y:{y}')

x:200

y:100

x,y = y,x

print(f'x:{x}')

print(f'y:｛y}')

x:100

y:200

解压缩

name_list = ['nick', 'egon', 'jason']

x = name_list[0]

y = name_list[1]

z = name_list[2]

print(f'x:{x}, y:{y}, z:{z}')

x:nick, y:egon, z:jason

解压法

name_list = ['john', 'egon', 'jason',]

x,y,z = name_list

print（f'x:{x},y:{y},z:{z}')

x：john,y:egon,z:jason

name_list = ['nick', 'egon', 'jason', 'tank', 'kevin', 'jerry']

x, y, _, _, , z = name_list

x, y, *, z = name_list

字典也可以

info = {'name': 'nick', 'age': 18}

x, y = info

print(x, y)

name age