使用reduce()翻阅字典:from functools import reduce # forward compatibility for Python 3import operatordef getFromDict(dataDict, mapList):
return reduce(operator.getitem, mapList, dataDict)
再利用getFromDict若要查找要存储值的位置,请执行以下操作setInDict():def setInDict(dataDict, mapList, value):
getFromDict(dataDict, mapList[:-1])[mapList[-1]] = value
除了最后一个元素mapList需要找到要添加值的“父”字典,然后使用最后一个元素将值设置为正确的键。
演示:>>> getFromDict(dataDict, ["a", "r"])1>>> getFromDict(dataDict, ["b", "v", "y"])2>>> setInDict(dataDict, ["b", "v", "w"], 4)>>>
import pprint>>> pprint.pprint(dataDict){'a': {'r': 1, 's': 2, 't': 3},
'b': {'u': 1, 'v': {'w': 4, 'x': 1, 'y': 2, 'z': 3}, 'w': 3}}
注意,PythonPEP 8样式指南为函数规定了Snake_case名称..上面的方法同样适用于列表或字典和列表的混合,所以名称应该是get_by_path()和set_by_path():from functools import reduce # forward compatibility for Python 3import operatordef get_by_path(root, items):
"""Access a nested object in root by item sequence."""
return reduce(operator.getitem, items, root)def set_by_path(root, items, value):
"""Set a value in a nested object in root by item sequence."""
get_by_path(root, items[:-1])[items[-1]] = value