python字典以水果为实例_python字典操作实例详解

#!/usr/bin/env python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import turtle

##全局变量##

#词频排列显示个数

count = 10

#单词频率数组-作为y轴数据

data = []

#单词数组-作为x轴数据

words = []

#y轴显示放大倍数-可以根据词频数量进行调节

yScale = 6

#x轴显示放大倍数-可以根据count数量进行调节

xScale = 30

################# Turtle Start ####################

#从点(x1,y1)到(x2,y2)绘制线段

def drawLine(t, x1, y1, x2, y2):

t.penup()

t.goto (x1, y1)

t.pendown()

t.goto (x2, y2)

# 在坐标(x,y)处写文字

def drawText(t, x, y, text):

t.penup()

t.goto (x, y)

t.pendown()

t.write(text)

def drawGraph(t):

#绘制x/y轴线

drawLine (t, 0, 0, 360, 0)

drawLine (t, 0, 300, 0, 0)

#x轴: 坐标及描述

for x in range(count):

x=x+1 #向右移一位,为了不画在原点上

drawText(t, x*xScale-4, -20, (words[x-1]))

drawText(t, x*xScale-4, data[x-1]*yScale+10, data[x-1])

drawBar(t)

#绘制一个柱体

def drawRectangle(t, x, y):

x = x*xScale

y = y*yScale#放大倍数显示

drawLine(t, x-5, 0, x-5, y)

drawLine(t, x-5, y, x+5, y)

drawLine(t, x+5, y, x+5, 0)

drawLine(t, x+5, 0, x-5, 0)

#绘制多个柱体

def drawBar(t):

for i in range(count):

drawRectangle(t, i+1, data[i])

################# Turtle End ####################

#对文本的每一行计算词频的函数

def processLine(line, wordCounts):

#用空格替换标点符号

line = replacePunctuations(line)

#从每一行获取每个词

words = line.split()

for word in words:

if word in wordCounts:

wordCounts[word] += 1

else:

wordCounts[word] = 1

#空格替换标点的函数

def replacePunctuations(line):

for ch in line:

if ch in "~@#$%^&*()_-+=<>?/,.:;{}[]|\'""":

line = line.replace(ch, " ")

return line

def main():

#用户输入一个文件名

filename = input("enter a filename:").strip()

infile = open(filename, "r")

#建立用于计算词频的空字典

wordCounts = {}

for line in infile:

processLine(line.lower(), wordCounts)

#从字典中获取数据对

pairs = list(wordCounts.items())

#列表中的数据对交换位置,数据对排序

items = [[x,y]for (y,x)in pairs]

items.sort()

#输出count个数词频结果

for i in range(len(items)-1, len(items)-count-1, -1):

print(items[i][1]+"\t"+str(items[i][0]))

data.append(items[i][0])

words.append(items[i][1])

infile.close()

#根据词频结果绘制柱状图

turtle.title('词频结果柱状图')

turtle.setup(900, 750, 0, 0)

t = turtle.Turtle()

t.hideturtle()

t.width(3)

drawGraph(t)

turtle.done()

#调用main()函数

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()