实现方法概述
因为go语言可以生成gcc可用的静态库,我们可以用go语言实现我们需要的功能,然后编译成静态库,再用C语言调用该静态库,包装成python3模块,然后编译成动态库供python3调用。
实例
下面用一个用go线程乱序打印五次字符串参数的函数作为示例。
go程序
文件名:tryme.go
代码:package mainimport ( "fmt"
"math/rand"
"sync"
"time")import "C"
func runp(wg *sync.WaitGroup, str string) {
defer wg.Done()
t := rand.Intn(5)
time.Sleep(time.Second * time.Duration(t))
fmt.Println(str)
}//export Trymefunc Tryme(str string) {
var wg sync.WaitGroup for i := 1; i <= 5; i++ {
wg.Add(1) go runp(&wg, fmt.Sprintf("%v %v", i, str))
}
wg.Wait()}
func main() {}
编译命令:
go build -o tryme.a -ldflags="-s -w" -buildmode=c-archive tryme.go
结果会生成2个文件:tryme.a
tryme.h
C包装程序
文件名:topy.c
代码:#include
#include "tryme.h"
#include "string.h"
void trythis(char *s){
GoString gs = {s,strlen(s)};
Tryme(gs);
} //add wrapped function
static PyObject* wrap_trythis(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{ //Convert the python input objects into C objects
char *s; if(!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &s)){ return NULL;
} //Call c function
trythis(s); //wrap the result from c function to python object.
return (PyObject*)Py_BuildValue("");
} //define the PyMethodDef methods
static PyMethodDef wrap_methods[] ={
{"trythis", (PyCFunction)wrap_trythis, METH_VARARGS,NULL},
{NULL, NULL}
}; struct module_state {
PyObject *error;
}; static struct PyModuleDef moduledef = {
PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT, "topy", NULL, sizeof(struct module_state),
wrap_methods, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL
}; //initilization function
PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_topy(void)
{
PyObject *module = PyModule_Create(&moduledef); return module;
}
编译命令:gcc -c -I/usr/include/python3.6m -fpic topy.c
gcc -o topy.so -shared -lpthread topy.o tryme.a
结果生成动态库: topy.so
用python3调用topy库
代码:import topy
topy.trythis("hello boy.")
结果输出(顺序随机):4 hello boy.
5 hello boy.
2 hello boy.
1 hello boy.
3 hello boy.
结语
在网络编程、多线程编程等方面,go语言有这极大的优越性,非常适合用来扩展python3。
作者:从火星来
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/40e069954804