switch语句嵌套if_C++核心准则ES.70:进行选择时，switch语句比if语句好

ES.70: Prefer a switch-statement to an if-statement when there is a choice

ES.70:进行选择时，switch语句比if语句好

Reason(原因)

• Readability.
• 可读性
• Efficiency: A switch compares against constants and is usually better optimized than a series of tests in an if-then-else chain.
• 效率：switch语句执行的时常数比较运算，相比一系列if-then-else语句，通常可以更好地被优化。
• A switch enables some heuristic consistency checking. For example, have all values of an enum been covered? If not, is there a default?
• switch语句允许某些启发式检查。例如枚举类型的所有值是否都被覆盖到了？如果没有，是否设置的default选项？

Example(示例)

void use(int n){    switch (n) {   // good    case 0:        // ...        break;    case 7:        // ...        break;    default:        // ...        break;    }}

rather than(而不是):

void use2(int n){    if (n == 0)   // bad: if-then-else chain comparing against a set of constants        // ...    else if (n == 7)        // ...}

Enforcement(实施建议)

Flag if-then-else chains that check against constants (only).

标记和常数值进行比较的if-then-else判断链(只限于这种情况)

原文链接

https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#es70-prefer-a-switch-statement-to-an-if-statement-when-there-is-a-choice

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