我是Python的初学者,试图理解函数参数及其类型和顺序。在
我试着用不同的论点做一个小实验,这是我的实验def main():
test_a(2, 33, 44)
test_b(2, 33)
test_c(2)
## test_d(2,,44) **Produces Invalid syntax**
test_e(2,33,44,55,66)
test_f(2, 44,55,66, y = 44)
test_g(2, 33, 44,55,66, rofa = 777, nard = 888)
##test_h(2, 33, foo = 777, boo = 888, 44,55,66) **Invalid Syntax in Function definition
##test_l(2, 44,55,66 , foo= 777, boo = 888, y = 900) **Invalid Syntax in Function definition
test_m(2, 44,55,66 , y = 900, foo=77777 , boo = 88888)
#############################################################
## NO optional arguments
def test_a(x,y,z):
print("test_a : x = {}, y = {}, z = {} ".format(x ,y ,z))
## One optional argument at the end
def test_b(x, y, z = 22):
print("test_b : x = {}, y = {}, z = {} ".format(x ,y ,z))
## TWO optional arguments at the end
def test_c(x, y = 11, z = 22):
print("test_c : x = {}, y = {}, z = {} ".format(x ,y ,z))
## ONE optional argument at the middle
## Produces Non-default argument follows default argument
#### **** DEFAULT ARGUMENTS MUST COME AT THE END **** ####
## def test_d(x, y = 11, z):
## print("test_d : x = {}, y = {}, z = {} ".format(x ,y ,z))
#################################################################
## NO optional argument + One List argument
def test_e(x, y, *args):
print("test_e : x = {}, y = {} ||".format(x, y), end= " ")
for i in args :
print(i)
## One optional argument + One list argument
def test_f(x, *args , y = 5):
print("test_f : x = {}, y = {} ||".format(x, y), end= " ")
for i in args :
print(i)
################################################################
## No optional argument, one list, one keyword arguments
def test_g(x,y,*args, **kwargs):
print(x, y)
for i in args:
print(i)
for i, v in kwargs.items():
print(i, v)
## **kwargs befor *args produces syntax error !!!
##def test_h(x,y, **kwargs, *args):
## print(x, y)
## for i in args:
## print(i)
##
## for i, v in kwargs.items():
## print(i, v)
## **kwargs befor optional argument produces syntax error !!!
##def test_l(x,*args,**kwargs, y = 5):
## print(x, y)
## for i in args:
## print(i)
##
## for i, v in kwargs.items():
## print(i, v)
##
## One optiona, list and keyword arguments
def test_m(x,*args,y = 5, **kwargs):
print(x, y)
for i in args:
print(i)
for i, v in kwargs.items():
print(i, v)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
经过这次实验,我真的理解了大部分事情。但有一个问题我无法理解。在
在test_h和test_m中的函数定义中,**kwargs在可选参数和列表参数之前定义,当我运行程序时,即使我没有使用该函数,也只是定义了它。。它产生Syntax Error。。我很高兴知道为什么会这样?在
谢谢。在