python元组读取到列表_python-list：列表-元组-字符串

列表

“列表”是一个值，它包含多个字构成的序列。术语“列表值”指的是列表本身（它作为一个值，可以保存在变量中、传递给函数）--：按下标取值、切片、for循环、用于len()以及in not in等

list ['aa','bb','cc','dd']是一个简单的列表

1.用列表下标取值

list =['aa','bb','cc','dd']

list[0]--aa

list[1]--bb

list[-1]--dd

2.切片取值（从列表中取得一个或多个值，返回结果是列表）

list =['aa','bb','cc','dd']

list[:3]--['aa','bb','cc'] #顾头不顾尾

list[:1]--['aa']

list[0:-1]--['aa','bb','cc']

3.用len( )获取列表的长度

list ['aa','bb','cc','dd']

len(list)--4

4.用下标改变列表中的值

list =['aa','bb','cc','dd']

list[0]='AA' -- ['AA','bb','cc','dd']

list[0]=list[1]---- ['bb','bb','cc','dd']

5.列表连接和列表复制

list= ['aa','bb','cc','dd']

num=['11','22','33','44']

list+num--['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd', '11', '22', '33', '44']

list+['AA','BB']---['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd','AA','BB']

list*2--['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd' ,'aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd']

6.用del从列表中删除值

list= ['aa','bb','cc','dd']

del list[0]-- ['bb','cc','dd']

7.使用列表

cataNames = []

while True:

print ('enter the name of cat'+str(len(cataNames)) + '(or enter nothing to stop.):' )

name = str(input())

if name =='':

break

cataNames = cataNames+[name]

print ('the cat names are:')

for name in cataNames:

print (''+name)

C:\Python27\python.exe C:/Users/xiu/PycharmProjects/H5/day1/22.py

enter the name of cat0(or enter nothing to stop.):

'cat01'

enter the name of cat1(or enter nothing to stop.):

'cat02'

enter the name of cat2(or enter nothing to stop.):

'cat03'

enter the name of cat3(or enter nothing to stop.):

' '

the cat names are:

cat01

cat02

cat03

Process finished with exit code 0

列表用于循环

list = ['cat001','cat002','cat003']

for i in range(len(list)):

print ('index ' + str(i)+ 'in list is:'+ list[i])

C:\Python27\python.exe C:/Users/xiu/PycharmProjects/H5/day1/22.py

index 0in list is:cat001

index 1in list is:cat002

index 2in list is:cat003

8.in和not in操作符

list= ['aa','bb','cc','dd']

print 'aa' in list--True

print 'aa1' in list--False

9.对变量增强的赋值操作（+、-、*、/、%）

aa = 10

aa +=2 #aa = aa +2 输出12

aa -=2 #aa = aa-2 输出10

aa *=2 #aa = aa *2 输出20

aa /=2 #aa = aa/2 输出10

aa %=2 #aa = aa % 2 输出0

10.用index()方法在列表中查找值：根据元素值查元素下标

list= ['aa','bb','cc','dd','cc']

print list.index('bb') #1

print list.index('cc') #2:若列表有多个相同元素值，则返回第一个

11.用append()/insert()方法在列表中添加值

list= ['aa','bb','cc','dd']

list.append('ee') #['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd', 'ee']

list.insert(0,'AA') #['AA', 'aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd', 'ee']

12.remove()删除列表中的值

list= ['aa','bb','cc','dd']

list.remove('aa') #['bb', 'cc', 'dd'] 直接删元素值

del list[0] #['cc', 'dd'] 通过下标删元素值

13.用sort()方法将列表中的值排序（只能对纯数字、纯字母的列表进行排序）

list= ['dd','cc','bb','aa']

list.sort() #['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd'] 默认升序排列

list.sort(reverse=True) #['dd', 'cc', 'bb', 'aa']

list.sort(reverse=False) #['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd']

list= ['dd','cc','bb','aa','AA','BB','CC','DD']

list.sort() #['AA', 'BB', 'CC', 'DD', 'aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd'] 使用‘ASCII字符排序’，因此大写字母会在小写字母之前

字符串1.列表的很多操作，也可以用于字符串

name = 'python'

print(name[0]) #p

print(name[-1]) #n

print(name[0:3]) #pyt

print(name[::-1]) #nohtyp

print('py' in name) #True

print('PJ' in name) #False

for i in name:

print(i) # p y t h o n

元组

列表数据类型的不可变形式

1.元组的样子

color = ('red','blue','yellow','black')

print(color[0]) #red

print(color[0:2]) #('red', 'blue')

print(color[::-1]) #('black', 'yellow', 'blue', 'red')

2.元组只有一个值，末尾要加上英文逗号

color1=('aa')

color2=('aa',)

print(type(color1)) #

print(type(color2)) #

3.用list()和tuple函数转换类型

list1=[1,2,3,4]

tuple1=('a','b','c','d')

print(list(tuple1)) #['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']

print(tuple(list1)) #(1, 2, 3, 4)