python小数的进制转换_Python——任意正数任意进制转换（支持2~36进制和小数）...

效果

代码

1.字母和数字转换

A↔10，B↔11，...，Z↔35A↔10，B↔11，...，Z↔35A↔10，B↔11，...，Z↔35

def trans(num):# 输入数字换为字母或输入字母转换为数字

if type(num) == int:

if num < 10:

return str(num)

else:

return chr(ord('A') + num - 10)

else:

if num.isdigit():

return int(num)

else:

return ord(num) - ord('A') + 10

2.输入预处理

包含输入合法性检查，转换字符串，改大写，去除前导0

def check(num, base, target): # 待转换数字，当前进制，目标进制

if type(base) is not int or base < 2 or base > 36 or type(target) is not int or target < 2 or target > 36:

print('非法进制数！')

return False

if type(num) is int or type(num) is float:

num = str(num).upper()

elif type(num) is str and len(num) != 0:

num = num.upper()

else:

print('非数字输入！')

return False

if num.count('.') > 1:

print('多个小数点！')

return False

if not num.replace('.', '').isalnum():

print('含有其他字符！')

return False

for c in num.replace('.', ''):

if trans(c) >= base:

print('字符超过进制允许！')

return False

while len(num) > 1:

if num[0] == '0' and num[1] != '.':

num = num[1:]

else:

break

return num

3.进制转换

以十进制为中介，实现各进制之间转换。整数部分小数部分分别处理，尽可能地保证精度。

def basechange(num, base, target, precision=17): # 待转换数字，当前进制，目标进制，精度

num = check(num, base, target)

if num is False:

return None

point = num.find('.')

if point == -1:

point = len(num)

radix = num.replace('.', '')

if target == 10:

int_part = radix[:point][::-1]

frac_part = radix[point:]

s = 0

ss = 0

for i in range(len(int_part)):

s += trans(int_part[i]) * base ** i

for i in range(len(frac_part)):

ss += trans(frac_part[i]) / base ** (i+1)

return str(s) + str(ss)[1:]

elif base == 10:

int_part = int(radix[:point])

frac_part = float('0.'+radix[point:])

s = ''

while True:

s += trans(int_part % target)

int_part //= target

if int_part == 0:

break

s = s[::-1]

if frac_part != 0:

s += '.'

ct = 0

while frac_part != 0 and ct < precision:

frac_part *= target

s += trans(int(frac_part))

frac_part -= int(frac_part)

ct += 1

return s

else:

return basechange(basechange(num, base, 10, precision=precision), 10, target, precision=precision)

4.存在问题

由于浮点数在计算机中不能精确储存，所以对小数进行进制转换时，会有十分微小的误差。如图所示：

标签：num,进制,Python,int,part,base,return,任意,target