mac vim with python3_如何打造Vim进行Rust编程

简介： 本文介绍了如何进行Vim配置，使得其成为Rust编程的利器--可以查看函数定义，代码补全, 文件夹折叠打开。

1. 重编译Vim，大于 8.0 版本即可

#git clone https://github.com/vim/vim.git
#cd vim
#yum install python3-devel -y
#./configure --with-features=huge 
            --enable-multibyte 
            --enable-python3interp=yes 
            --with-python3-config-dir=$(python3-config --configdir) 
            --enable-gui=gtk2 
            --enable-cscope 
            --enable-fail-if-missing 
            --prefix=/usr/local
#ln -sf /usr/local/bin/vim /usr/bin/vim

2. 使用Vundle管理Vim 插件

具体安装方法见 https:// github.com/VundleVim/Vu ndle.vim

• 下载Vundle到 ～/.vim/bundle 目录
• 配置~/.vimrc 使Vundle生效

3. 使用vim-bootstrap 生成针对rust语言的vim配置

具体配置方法见 https://github.com/editor-bootstrap/vim-bootstrap#installation

4. 编译安装YouCompleteMe进行代码补全

#cd ~/.vim/plugged/YouCompleteMe/
./install.py --rust-completer

5. 参考vim配置

• ~/.vimrc 配置参考

" vim-bootstrap 

"*****************************************************************************
"" Vim-PLug core
"*****************************************************************************
let vimplug_exists=expand('~/.vim/autoload/plug.vim')

let g:vim_bootstrap_langs = "rust"
let g:vim_bootstrap_editor = "vim"				" nvim or vim

if !filereadable(vimplug_exists)
  if !executable("curl")
    echoerr "You have to install curl or first install vim-plug yourself!"
    execute "q!"
  endifggdroot/indentLine'
  echo "Installing Vim-Plug..."ater'
  echo ""erun/vim-polyglot'
  silent exec "!curl -fLo " . vimplug_exists . " --create-dirs https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim"
  let g:not_finish_vimplug = "yes"

  autocmd VimEnter * PlugInstallzf')
endifg '/usr/local/opt/fzf' | Plug 'junegunn/fzf.vim'
else
" Required:egunn/fzf', { 'dir': '~/.fzf', 'do': './install --bin' }
call plug#begin(expand('~/.vim/plugged'))
endif
"*****************************************************************************
"" Plug install packages
"*****************************************************************************
Plug 'scrooloose/nerdtree'
Plug 'jistr/vim-nerdtree-tabs'o': g:make}
Plug 'tpope/vim-commentary'
Plug 'tpope/vim-fugitive'
Plug 'vim-airline/vim-airline'
Plug 'vim-airline/vim-airline-themes'
Plug 'airblade/vim-gitgutter'
Plug 'vim-scripts/grep.vim'
Plug 'vim-scripts/CSApprox'
Plug 'Raimondi/delimitMate'
Plug 'majutsushi/tagbar'
Plug 'w0rp/ale'
Plug 'Yggdroot/indentLine'
Plug 'avelino/vim-bootstrap-updater'
Plug 'sheerun/vim-polyglot'
Plug 'tpope/vim-rhubarb' " required by fugitive to :Gbrowse
Plug 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'

if isdirectory('/usr/local/opt/fzf')
  Plug '/usr/local/opt/fzf' | Plug 'junegunn/fzf.vim'
else
  Plug 'junegunn/fzf', { 'dir': '~/.fzf', 'do': './install --bin' }
  Plug 'junegunn/fzf.vim'
endif
let g:make = 'gmake'
if exists('make')
        let g:make = 'make'
endif
Plug 'Shougo/vimproc.vim', {'do': g:make}

"" Vim-Session
Plug 'xolox/vim-misc'
Plug 'xolox/vim-session

"" Snippets
Plug 'SirVer/ultisnips'
Plug 'honza/vim-snippets'

"" Color
Plug 'tomasr/molokai'

"*****************************************************************************
"" Custom bundles
"*****************************************************************************

" rust
" Vim racer
Plug 'racer-rust/vim-racer'

" Rust.vim
Plug 'rust-lang/rust.vim'


"*****************************************************************************
"*****************************************************************************

"" Include user's extra bundle
if filereadable(expand("~/.vimrc.local.bundles"))
  source ~/.vimrc.local.bundles
endif

call plug#end()

" Required:
filetype plugin indent on


"*****************************************************************************
"" Basic Setup
"*****************************************************************************"
"" Encoding
set encoding=utf-8
set fileencoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=utf-8
set ttyfast

"" Fix backspace indent
set backspace=indent,eol,start

"" Tabs. May be overridden by autocmd rules
set tabstop=4
set softtabstop=0
set shiftwidth=4
set expandtab

"" Map leader to ,
let mapleader=','

"" Enable hidden buffers
set hidden

"" Searching
set hlsearch
set incsearch
set ignorecase
set smartcase

set fileformats=unix,dos,mac

if exists('$SHELL')
    set shell=$SHELL
else
    set shell=/bin/sh
endif

" session management
let g:session_directory = "~/.vim/session"
let g:session_autoload = "no"
let g:session_autosave = "no"
let g:session_command_aliases = 1

"*****************************************************************************
"" Visual Settings
"*****************************************************************************
syntax on
set ruler
set number

let no_buffers_menu=1
silent! colorscheme molokai

set mousemodel=popup
set t_Co=256
set guioptions=egmrti
set gfn=Monospace 10

if has("gui_running")
  if has("gui_mac") || has("gui_macvim")
    set guifont=Menlo:h12
    set transparency=7
  endif
else
  let g:CSApprox_loaded = 1

  " IndentLine
  let g:indentLine_enabled = 1
  let g:indentLine_concealcursor = 0
  let g:indentLine_char = '┆'
  let g:indentLine_faster = 1

  
  if $COLORTERM == 'gnome-terminal'
    set term=gnome-256color
  else
    if $TERM == 'xterm'
      set term=xterm-256color
    endif
  endif
  
endif


if &term =~ '256color'
  set t_ut=
endif


"" Disable the blinking cursor.
set gcr=a:blinkon0
set scrolloff=3

"" Status bar
set laststatus=2

"" Use modeline overrides
set modeline
set modelines=10

set title
set titleold="Terminal"
set titlestring=%F

set statusline=%F%m%r%h%w%=(%{&ff}/%Y) (line %l/%L, col %c)

" Search mappings: These will make it so that going to the next one in a
" search will center on the line it's found in.
nnoremap n nzzzv
nnoremap N Nzzzv

if exists("*fugitive#statusline")
  set statusline+=%{fugitive#statusline()}
endif

" vim-airline
let g:airline_theme = 'powerlineish'
let g:airline#extensions#branch#enabled = 1
let g:airline#extensions#ale#enabled = 1
let g:airline#extensions#tabline#enabled = 1
let g:airline#extensions#tagbar#enabled = 1
let g:airline_skip_empty_sections = 1

"*****************************************************************************
"" Abbreviations
"*****************************************************************************
"" no one is really happy until you have this shortcuts
cnoreabbrev W! w!
cnoreabbrev Q! q!
cnoreabbrev Qall! qall!
cnoreabbrev Wq wq
cnoreabbrev Wa wa
cnoreabbrev wQ wq
cnoreabbrev WQ wq
cnoreabbrev W w
cnoreabbrev Q q
cnoreabbrev Qall qall

"" NERDTree configuration
let g:NERDTreeChDirMode=2
let g:NERDTreeIgnore=['.rbc$', '~$', '.pyc$', '.db$', '.sqlite$', '__pycache__']
let g:NERDTreeSortOrder=['^__.py$', '/$', '*', '.swp$', '.bak$', '~$']
let g:NERDTreeShowBookmarks=1
let g:nerdtree_tabs_focus_on_files=1
let g:NERDTreeMapOpenInTabSilent = '<RightMouse>'
let g:NERDTreeWinSize = 50
set wildignore+=*/tmp/*,*.so,*.swp,*.zip,*.pyc,*.db,*.sqlite
nnoremap <silent> <F2> :NERDTreeFind<CR>
nnoremap <silent> <F3> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>

" grep.vim
nnoremap <silent> <leader>f :Rgrep<CR>
let Grep_Default_Options = '-IR'
let Grep_Skip_Files = '*.log *.db'
let Grep_Skip_Dirs = '.git node_modules'

" terminal emulation
nnoremap <silent> <leader>sh :terminal<CR>


"*****************************************************************************
"" Commands
"*****************************************************************************
" remove trailing whitespaces
command! FixWhitespace :%s/s+$//e

"*****************************************************************************
"" Functions
"*****************************************************************************
if !exists('*s:setupWrapping')
  function s:setupWrapping()
    set wrap
    set wm=2
    set textwidth=79
  endfunction
endif

"*****************************************************************************
"" Autocmd Rules
"*****************************************************************************
"" The PC is fast enough, do syntax highlight syncing from start unless 200 lines
augroup vimrc-sync-fromstart
  autocmd!
  autocmd BufEnter * :syntax sync maxlines=200
augroup END

"" Remember cursor position
augroup vimrc-remember-cursor-position
  autocmd!
  autocmd BufReadPost * if line("'"") > 1 && line("'"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g`"" | endif
augroup END

"" txt
augroup vimrc-wrapping
  autocmd!
  autocmd BufRead,BufNewFile *.txt call s:setupWrapping()
augroup END

"" make/cmake
augroup vimrc-make-cmake
  autocmd!
  autocmd FileType make setlocal noexpandtab
  autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead CMakeLists.txt setlocal filetype=cmake
augroup END

set autoread

"*****************************************************************************
"" Mappings
"*****************************************************************************

"" Split
noremap <Leader>h :<C-u>split<CR>
noremap <Leader>v :<C-u>vsplit<CR>

"" Git
noremap <Leader>ga :Gwrite<CR>
noremap <Leader>gc :Gcommit<CR>
noremap <Leader>gsh :Gpush<CR>
noremap <Leader>gll :Gpull<CR>
noremap <Leader>gs :Gstatus<CR>
noremap <Leader>gb :Gblame<CR>
noremap <Leader>gd :Gvdiff<CR>
noremap <Leader>gr :Gremove<CR>

" session management
nnoremap <leader>so :OpenSession<Space>
nnoremap <leader>ss :SaveSession<Space>
nnoremap <leader>sd :DeleteSession<CR>
nnoremap <leader>sc :CloseSession<CR>

"" Tabs
nnoremap <Tab> gt
nnoremap <S-Tab> gT
nnoremap <silent> <S-t> :tabnew<CR>

"" Set working directory
nnoremap <leader>. :lcd %:p:h<CR>

"" Opens an edit command with the path of the currently edited file filled in
noremap <Leader>e :e <C-R>=expand("%:p:h") . "/" <CR>

"" Opens a tab edit command with the path of the currently edited file filled
noremap <Leader>te :tabe <C-R>=expand("%:p:h") . "/" <CR>

"" fzf.vim
set wildmode=list:longest,list:full
set wildignore+=*.o,*.obj,.git,*.rbc,*.pyc,__pycache__
let $FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND =  "find * -path '*/.*' -prune -o -path 'node_modules/**' -prune -o -path 'target/**' -prune -o -path 'dist/**' -prune -o  -type f -print -o -type l -print 2> /dev/null"

" The Silver Searcher
if executable('ag')
  let $FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND = 'ag --hidden --ignore .git -g ""'
  set grepprg=ag --nogroup --nocolor
endif

" ripgrep
if executable('rg')
  let $FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND = 'rg --files --hidden --follow --glob "!.git/*"'
  set grepprg=rg --vimgrep
  command! -bang -nargs=* Find call fzf#vim#grep('rg --column --line-number --no-heading --fixed-strings --ignore-case --hidden --follow --glob "!.git/*" --color "always" '.shellescape(<q-args>).'| tr -d 
"017"', 1, <bang>0)
endif

" ripgrep
if executable('rg')
  let $FZF_DEFAULT_COMMAND = 'rg --files --hidden --follow --glob "!.git/*"'
  set grepprg=rg --vimgrep
  command! -bang -nargs=* Find call fzf#vim#grep('rg --column --line-number --no-heading --fixed-strings --ignore-case --hidden --follow --glob "!.git/*" --color "always" '.shellescape(<q-args>).'| tr -d 
"017"', 1, <bang>0)
endif

cnoremap <C-P> <C-R>=expand("%:p:h") . "/" <CR>
nnoremap <silent> <leader>b :Buffers<CR>
nnoremap <silent> <leader>e :FZF -m<CR>
"Recovery commands from history through FZF
nmap <leader>y :History:<CR>

" snippets
let g:UltiSnipsExpandTrigger="<tab>"
let g:UltiSnipsJumpForwardTrigger="<tab>"
let g:UltiSnipsJumpBackwardTrigger="<c-b>"
let g:UltiSnipsEditSplit="vertical"

" ale
let g:ale_linters = {}

" Tagbar
nmap <silent> <F4> :TagbarToggle<CR>
let g:tagbar_autofocus = 1

" Disable visualbell
set noerrorbells visualbell t_vb=
if has('autocmd')
  autocmd GUIEnter * set visualbell t_vb=
endif

"" Copy/Paste/Cut
if has('unnamedplus')
  set clipboard=unnamed,unnamedplus
endif

noremap YY "+y<CR>
noremap <leader>p "+gP<CR>
noremap XX "+x<CR>

if has('macunix')
  " pbcopy for OSX copy/paste
  vmap <C-x> :!pbcopy<CR>
  vmap <C-c> :w !pbcopy<CR><CR>
endif

"" Buffer nav
noremap <leader>z :bp<CR>
noremap <leader>q :bp<CR>
noremap <leader>x :bn<CR>
noremap <leader>w :bn<CR>

"" Close buffer
noremap <leader>c :bd<CR>

"" Clean search (highlight)
nnoremap <silent> <leader><space> :noh<cr>

"" Switching windows
noremap <C-j> <C-w>j
noremap <C-k> <C-w>k
noremap <C-l> <C-w>l
noremap <C-h> <C-w>h

"" Vmap for maintain Visual Mode after shifting > and <
vmap < <gv
vmap > >gv

"" Move visual block
vnoremap J :m '>+1<CR>gv=gv
vnoremap K :m '<-2<CR>gv=gv

"" Open current line on GitHub
nnoremap <Leader>o :.Gbrowse<CR>

"*****************************************************************************
"" Custom configs
"*****************************************************************************

" rust
" Vim racer
au FileType rust nmap gd <Plug>(rust-def)
au FileType rust nmap gs <Plug>(rust-def-split)
au FileType rust nmap gx <Plug>(rust-def-vertical)
au FileType rust nmap <leader>gd <Plug>(rust-doc)



"*****************************************************************************
"*****************************************************************************

"" Include user's local vim config
if filereadable(expand("~/.vimrc.local"))
  source ~/.vimrc.local
endif

"*****************************************************************************
"" Convenience variables
"*****************************************************************************

" vim-airline
if !exists('g:airline_symbols')
  let g:airline_symbols = {}
endif

if !exists('g:airline_powerline_fonts')
  let g:airline#extensions#tabline#left_sep = ' '
  let g:airline#extensions#tabline#left_alt_sep = '|'
  let g:airline_left_sep          = '▶'
  let g:airline_left_alt_sep      = '»'
  let g:airline_right_sep         = '◀'
  let g:airline_right_alt_sep     = '«'
  let g:airline#extensions#branch#prefix     = '⤴' "➔, ➥, ⎇
  let g:airline#extensions#readonly#symbol   = '⊘'
  let g:airline#extensions#linecolumn#prefix = '¶'
  let g:airline#extensions#paste#symbol      = 'ρ'
  let g:airline_symbols.linenr    = '␊'
  let g:airline_symbols.branch    = '⎇'
  let g:airline_symbols.paste     = 'ρ'
  let g:airline_symbols.paste     = 'Þ'
  let g:airline_symbols.paste     = '∥'
  let g:airline_symbols.whitespace = 'Ξ'
else
  let g:airline#extensions#tabline#left_sep = ''
  let g:airline#extensions#tabline#left_alt_sep = ''

  " powerline symbols
  let g:airline_left_sep = ''
  let g:airline_left_alt_sep = ''
  let g:airline_right_sep = ''
  let g:airline_right_alt_sep = ''
  let g:airline_symbols.branch = ''
  let g:airline_symbols.readonly = ''
  let g:airline_symbols.linenr = ''
endif

• ~/.vimrc.local 参考

" .vimrc
" see: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/options.html for details

" For multi-byte character support (CJK support, for example):
"set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr,gb18030,latin1
if v:lang =~ "utf8$" || v:lang =~ "UTF-8$"
	set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,latin1
endif

set nocompatible
" Now we can turn our filetype functionality back on
filetype plugin indent on

set listchars=tab:>-
set list

set tabstop=4       " Number of spaces that a <Tab> in the file counts for.
 
set shiftwidth=4    " Number of spaces to use for each step of (auto)indent.
 
set expandtab       " Use the appropriate number of spaces to insert a <Tab>.
                    " Spaces are used in indents with the '>' and '<' commands
                    " and when 'autoindent' is on. To insert a real tab when
                    " 'expandtab' is on, use CTRL-V <Tab>.
 
set smarttab        " When on, a <Tab> in front of a line inserts blanks
                    " according to 'shiftwidth'. 'tabstop' is used in other
                    " places. A <BS> will delete a 'shiftwidth' worth of space
                    " at the start of the line.
 
set showcmd         " Show (partial) command in status line.

set number          " Show line numbers.

set showmatch       " When a bracket is inserted, briefly jump to the matching
                    " one. The jump is only done if the match can be seen on the
                    " screen. The time to show the match can be set with
                    " 'matchtime'.
 
set hlsearch        " When there is a previous search pattern, highlight all
                    " its matches.
 
set incsearch       " While typing a search command, show immediately where the
                    " so far typed pattern matches.
 
set ignorecase      " Ignore case in search patterns.
 
set smartcase       " Override the 'ignorecase' option if the search pattern
                    " contains upper case characters.
 
set backspace=2     " Influences the working of <BS>, <Del>, CTRL-W
                    " and CTRL-U in Insert mode. This is a list of items,
                    " separated by commas. Each item allows a way to backspace
                    " over something.
 
set autoindent      " Copy indent from current line when starting a new line
                    " (typing <CR> in Insert mode or when using the "o" or "O"
                    " command).
 
set textwidth=79    " Maximum width of text that is being inserted. A longer
                    " line will be broken after white space to get this width.
 
set formatoptions=c,q,r,t " This is a sequence of letters which describes how
                    " automatic formatting is to be done.
                    "
                    " letter    meaning when present in 'formatoptions'
                    " ------    ---------------------------------------
                    " c         Auto-wrap comments using textwidth, inserting
                    "           the current comment leader automatically.
                    " q         Allow formatting of comments with "gq".
                    " r         Automatically insert the current comment leader
                    "           after hitting <Enter> in Insert mode. 
                    " t         Auto-wrap text using textwidth (does not apply
                    "           to comments)
 
set ruler           " Show the line and column number of the cursor position,
                    " separated by a comma.
 
set background=dark " When set to "dark", Vim will try to use colors that look
                    " good on a dark background. When set to "light", Vim will
                    " try to use colors that look good on a light background.
                    " Any other value is illegal.
 
set mouse=a         " Enable the use of the mouse.

set spell           " Enable the spell checking

set statusline=%<%F%= [%1*%M%*%n%R%H] %-19(%3l,%02c%03V%)[%p%%]
 
filetype plugin indent on
syntax on

" cscope settings
if has("cscope") && filereadable("/usr/bin/cscope")
	set csprg=/usr/bin/cscope
	set cscopetag
	set csto=0
	set cst
	set csre
	set nocsverb
	" add any database in current directory
	if filereadable("./cscope.out")
		cs add ./cscope.out
	" else add database pointed to by environment
	elseif $CSCOPE_DB != ""
		cs add $CSCOPE_DB
	else
		let cscope_file=findfile("cscope.out", ".;")
		let cscope_pre=matchstr(cscope_file, ".*/")
		if !empty(cscope_file) && filereadable(cscope_file)
			execute "cs add" cscope_file cscope_pre
		endif
	endif
	set csverb
	nmap <C-_>s :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
	nmap <C-_>g :cs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
	nmap <C-_>c :cs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
	nmap <C-_>t :cs find t <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
	nmap <C-_>e :cs find e <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
	nmap <C-_>f :cs find f <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR>
	nmap <C-_>i :cs find i ^<C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR>$<CR>
	nmap <C-_>d :cs find d <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
endif

" taglist settings
let Tlist_Sort_Type ='name'
let Tlist_Show_One_File = 1
let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1
let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 1
let Tlist_Auto_Open = 0
let Tlist_Process_File_Always = 1
let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close = 1
let Tlist_GainFocus_On_ToggleOpen = 1

" short cut settings
nnoremap <C-l> :TlistToggle<CR>
map <C-n> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>

" for ycm
let g:ycm_error_symbol = '>>'
let g:ycm_warning_symbol = '>*'
nnoremap <leader>gl :YcmCompleter GoToDeclaration<CR>
nnoremap <leader>gf :YcmCompleter GoToDefinition<CR>
nnoremap <leader>gg :YcmCompleter GoToDefinitionElseDeclaration<CR>

6. 使用说明

• 代码跳转

,gg 查看函数定义或声明

ctrl + o (同时按下，回到前一个文件）

• 代码补全

自动补全，不需任何操作

• 文件夹折叠打开

ctrl + n (同时按下，折叠或打开文件夹）