oracle 9i alert log,从Alert.log文件中详细分析Oracle 9i启动过程

1 简述

本文为使读者了解Oracle9i数据库启动过程，从alert.log文件入手，详细分析了database从close到nomount、到mount、最后到open的过程。

2 环境描述

硬件环境：IBM XSERIES 3650

操作系统：Windows2003标准版+Sp02

数据库版本：Oracle9.2.0.1

3 Alert文件详解

3.1 数据库启动到nomount状态下(实例启动，startup nomount)

首先Oracle先查找参数文件(静态或动态参数文件)，搜索顺序为spfile.ora->spfile.ora->init.ora。如还是无法找到参数文件，则无法启动数据库。

其次根据参数文件内容，进行实例创建、内存分配。

最后启动后台进程。

Sat Sep 13 18:09:06 2008

Starting ORACLE instance (normal)

LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0

LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0

SCN scheme 2

Using log_archive_dest parameter default value

LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0

SYS auditing is disabled

Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 9.2.0.1.0.

System parameters with non-default values: ——此处打印出参数文件内容

processes = 150

timed_statistics = TRUE

shared_pool_size = 50331648

large_pool_size = 8388608

java_pool_size = 33554432

control_files = D:\oracle\oradata\oratest\control01.ctl, D:\oracle\oradata\oratest\control02.ctl, D:\oracle\oradata\oratest\control03.ctl

db_block_size = 8192

db_cache_size = 25165824

compatible = 9.2.0.0.0

db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16

fast_start_mttr_target = 300

undo_management = AUTO

undo_tablespace = UNDOTBS1

……(此处省略部分参数)

star_transformation_enabled= FALSE

query_rewrite_enabled = FALSE

pga_aggregate_target = 25165824

aq_tm_processes = 1

PMON started with pid=2 ——此处启动后台进程

DBW0 started with pid=3

LGWR started with pid=4

……(此处省略部分参数)

CJQ0 started with pid=8

QMN0 started with pid=9

Sat Sep 13 18:09:09 2008

starting up 1 shared server(s) ...

starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...

3.2 启动数据库到mount状态(控制文件打开，alter database mount)

从刚才的参数文件中获取控制文件位置，并打开。

Sat Sep 13 18:09:29 2008

alter database mount

Sat Sep 13 18:09:33 2008

Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 467611545. ——记录mount id

Sat Sep 13 18:09:33 2008

Database mounted in Exclusive Mode.

Completed: alter database mount ——mount成功

3.3 启动数据库到open状态(实例中控制文件描述的所有文件打开，alter database open)

打开控制文件中记录的数据文件、日志文件等，并进行检查点和完整性检查。如一切OK，即对外提供数据库服务。

Sat Sep 13 18:09:40 2008

alter database open

Sat Sep 13 18:09:40 2008

Thread 1 opened at log sequence 61

Current log# 1 seq# 61 mem# 0: D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORATEST\REDO01.LOG

Successful open of redo thread 1.

Sat Sep 13 18:09:40 2008

SMON: enabling cache recovery

Sat Sep 13 18:09:40 2008

Undo Segment 1 Onlined

Undo Segment 2 Onlined

……(此处省略部分参数)

Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 1. ——在线undo表空间

Sat Sep 13 18:09:40 2008

SMON: enabling tx reco