python如何遍历链表_(Python)数据结构：单向链表的插删改查遍历等操作及部分异常处理...

"""以下为代码正文："""

# coding:utf-8

class Node(object):

"""定义节点类"""

def __init__(self, elem):

self.elem = elem

self.next = None

class SinglyLinkedList(object):

"""定义单向链表类"""

def __init__(self, node=None):

self.__head = node

def is_empty(self):

"""判断链表是否为空"""

return self.__head == None

def length(self):

"""计算链表长度"""

cursor = self.__head

count = 0

while cursor != None:

count += 1

cursor = cursor.next

return count

def travel(self):

"""Ergodic the whole list"""

cursor = self.__head

while cursor != None:

print(cursor.elem, end=" ")

cursor = cursor.next

print("")

def add(self, item):

"""Adds an element at the head"""

node = Node(item)

node.next = self.__head

self.__head = node

def append(self, item):

"""Adds an element at the end"""

node = Node(item)

if self.is_empty():

self.__head = node

else:

cursor = self.__head

while cursor.next != None:

cursor = cursor.next

cursor.next = node

def insert(self, pos, item):

"""Adds an element at the specified position"""

cursor = self.__head #The tutor defined a 'pre' instead of 'cursor'

node = Node(item)

count = 0

if pos <= 0:

self.add(item)

elif pos > self.length()-1:

self.append(item)

else:

while count < (pos-1):

count += 1

cursor = cursor.next

node.next = cursor.next

cursor.next = node

def remove(self, item):

"""Removes a node"""

node = Node(item)

cursor = self.__head

if self.search(item) and self.__head.elem == item:

self.__head = cursor.next

print("-----%d is removed!-----"%item)

elif self.search(item) and self.__head.elem != item:

while cursor.next != None:

if cursor.next.elem == item:

print("cursor.next.elem:%d"%item)

cursor.next = cursor.next.next

print("cursor: %s"%cursor.elem)

else:

cursor = cursor.next

print("======%d is removed!======="%item)

else:

print("%d doesn't exist."%item)

def search(self, item):

"""查找节点是否存在"""

cursor = self.__head

while cursor != None:

if cursor.elem == item:

return True

else:

cursor = cursor.next

return False

"""以下为功能测试："""

if __name__ == "__main__":

sll = SinglyLinkedList()

print(sll.is_empty())

print(sll.length())

sll.append(1)

print(sll.is_empty())

print(sll.length())

sll.append(2)

sll.append(3)

sll.append(4)

sll.append(5)

sll.add(9)

sll.append(6)

sll.append(7)

sll.append(8)

sll.insert(-5, 10)

sll.insert(6, 11)

sll.insert(7, 11)

sll.insert(8, 11)

sll.insert(100, 12)

print(sll.length())

print(sll.search(12))

sll.travel()

sll.remove(9)

sll.travel()

sll.remove(12)

sll.travel()

sll.remove(11)

sll.travel()

sll.remove(8)

sll.travel()

sll.remove(3)

sll.travel()

sll.remove(10)

sll.travel()

sll.remove(20)

sll.travel()

sll.remove(9)

sll.travel()

测试过程中，在remove操作时曾出现过如下异常：AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'elem'.

异常原因：未对链表头部进行专门处理，且游标定义不够准确，现已改正，见上文remove函数。