Java可变引用,Java-保留对可变对象的共享引用时进行深克隆

我通过在此类及其组成它的字段的整个层次结构中实现clone()来深克隆某个类的实例.在我放入这些类的clone()实现中,我通过在原始对象(this)的相应字段上调用clone()来分配新实例的每个字段.然后我只在主类上调用clone().我相信这是深度克隆的一种标准方法.

下面有一个小的可运行示例.我得到的克隆是一个真正的深层副本,其中每个字段和子字段中包含的对象都是新对象,与原始实例中的对象相同.

但这意味着,如果原始字段a和b引用了相同的对象X,则在深层克隆中它们将不会引用相同的对象(X的克隆)；相反,它们将引用X的两个不同克隆.

因此,我想通过深度克隆对象的整个层次结构中的所有字段来深克隆对象,但是如果层次结构在多个字段中包含相同的引用,则应仅将这些字段中的一个字段深度克隆到新对象中;其他字段将仅引用此新对象.

用简单的解决方案看似没有问题,但是我想知道是否存在某种技术,或者某些工具或库可以做到这一点.

TestClone.java

public class TestClone {

public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {

// Create the object to share :

SharedObject shared = new SharedObject(1);

// Create the object to clone, which will own two Holder instances

// both holding a reference to *the same* object :

MainObject original = new MainObject(new Holder(shared), new Holder(shared));

// Show that both holders hold a reference to the same object :

System.out.println("Original holder1 holds " + original.holder1.field.hashCode());

System.out.println("Original holder2 holds " + original.holder2.field.hashCode());

// Deep-clone the main object :

MainObject cloned = (MainObject) original.clone();

// Show that the two cloned holders now hold a reference to *different* cloned objects :

System.err.println("Cloned holder1 holds " + cloned.holder1.field.hashCode());

System.err.println("Cloned holder2 holds " + cloned.holder2.field.hashCode());

// How to clone so that they will hold a reference to *the same* cloned object ?

}

}

SharedObject.java

public class SharedObject implements Cloneable {

public int n;

public SharedObject(int n) {

this.n = n;

}

@Override

protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

SharedObject clone = (SharedObject) super.clone();

clone.n = this.n;

return clone;

}

}

Holder.java

public class Holder implements Cloneable {

public SharedObject field;

public Holder(SharedObject field) {

this.field = field;

}

@Override

protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

Holder clone = (Holder) super.clone();

clone.field = (SharedObject) this.field.clone();

return clone;

}

}

MainObject.java

public class MainObject implements Cloneable {

public Holder holder1;

public Holder holder2;

public MainObject(Holder holder1, Holder holder2) {

this.holder1 = holder1;

this.holder2 = holder2;

}

@Override

protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

MainObject clone = (MainObject) super.clone();

clone.holder1 = (Holder) this.holder1.clone();

clone.holder2 = (Holder) this.holder2.clone();

return clone;

}

}