python 怎么样才有output_python-通过subprocess.check_output调用的可执行文...

如果程序直接写入控制台(例如通过打开CONOUT $设备)而不是写入过程标准句柄,则唯一的选择是直接读取控制台屏幕缓冲区.为了简化此过程,请从新的空白屏幕缓冲区开始.通过以下功能创建,调整大小,初始化和激活新的屏幕缓冲区：

确保请求GENERIC_READ |调用CreateConsoleScreenBuffer时进行GENERIC_WRITE访问.您稍后需要读取权限才能读取屏幕内容.

专门针对Python,请使用ctypes调用Windows控制台API中的函数.另外,如果通过msvcrt.open_osfhandle用C文件描述符包装句柄,则可以将其作为subprocess.Popen的stdout或stderr参数传递.

无法通过read,ReadFile甚至ReadConsole直接读取屏幕缓冲区的文件描述符或句柄.如果您有文件描述符,请通过msvcrt.get_osfhandle获取基础句柄.给定屏幕缓冲区句柄,调用ReadConsoleOutputCharacter从屏幕读取.下面的示例代码中的read_screen函数演示了从屏幕缓冲区的开始到光标位置的读取.

为了使用控制台API,需要将过程附加到控制台.为此,我提供了一个简单的allocate_console上下文管理器来临时打开控制台.这在GUI应用程序中很有用,而GUI应用程序通常未连接到控制台.

以下示例在Windows 7和10,Python 2.7和3.5中进行了测试.

ctypes定义

import os

import contextlib

import msvcrt

import ctypes

from ctypes import wintypes

kernel32 = ctypes.WinDLL('kernel32', use_last_error=True)

GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000

GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000

FILE_SHARE_READ = 1

FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 2

CONSOLE_TEXTMODE_BUFFER = 1

INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = wintypes.HANDLE(-1).value

STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = wintypes.DWORD(-11)

STD_ERROR_HANDLE = wintypes.DWORD(-12)

def _check_zero(result, func, args):

if not result:

raise ctypes.WinError(ctypes.get_last_error())

return args

def _check_invalid(result, func, args):

if result == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE:

raise ctypes.WinError(ctypes.get_last_error())

return args

if not hasattr(wintypes, 'LPDWORD'): # Python 2

wintypes.LPDWORD = ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD)

wintypes.PSMALL_RECT = ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.SMALL_RECT)

class COORD(ctypes.Structure):

_fields_ = (('X', wintypes.SHORT),

('Y', wintypes.SHORT))

class CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFOEX(ctypes.Structure):

_fields_ = (('cbSize', wintypes.ULONG),

('dwSize', COORD),

('dwCursorPosition', COORD),

('wAttributes', wintypes.WORD),

('srWindow', wintypes.SMALL_RECT),

('dwMaximumWindowSize', COORD),

('wPopupAttributes', wintypes.WORD),

('bFullscreenSupported', wintypes.BOOL),

('ColorTable', wintypes.DWORD * 16))

def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):

super(CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFOEX, self).__init__(

*args, **kwds)

self.cbSize = ctypes.sizeof(self)

PCONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFOEX = ctypes.POINTER(

CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFOEX)

LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES = wintypes.LPVOID

kernel32.GetStdHandle.errcheck = _check_invalid

kernel32.GetStdHandle.restype = wintypes.HANDLE

kernel32.GetStdHandle.argtypes = (

wintypes.DWORD,) # _In_ nStdHandle

kernel32.CreateConsoleScreenBuffer.errcheck = _check_invalid

kernel32.CreateConsoleScreenBuffer.restype = wintypes.HANDLE

kernel32.CreateConsoleScreenBuffer.argtypes = (

wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ dwDesiredAccess

wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ dwShareMode

LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, # _In_opt_ lpSecurityAttributes

wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ dwFlags

wintypes.LPVOID) # _Reserved_ lpScreenBufferData

kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfoEx.errcheck = _check_zero

kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfoEx.argtypes = (

wintypes.HANDLE, # _In_ hConsoleOutput

PCONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFOEX) # _Out_ lpConsoleScreenBufferInfo

kernel32.SetConsoleScreenBufferInfoEx.errcheck = _check_zero

kernel32.SetConsoleScreenBufferInfoEx.argtypes = (

wintypes.HANDLE, # _In_ hConsoleOutput

PCONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFOEX) # _In_ lpConsoleScreenBufferInfo

kernel32.SetConsoleWindowInfo.errcheck = _check_zero

kernel32.SetConsoleWindowInfo.argtypes = (

wintypes.HANDLE, # _In_ hConsoleOutput

wintypes.BOOL, # _In_ bAbsolute

wintypes.PSMALL_RECT) # _In_ lpConsoleWindow

kernel32.FillConsoleOutputCharacterW.errcheck = _check_zero

kernel32.FillConsoleOutputCharacterW.argtypes = (

wintypes.HANDLE, # _In_ hConsoleOutput

wintypes.WCHAR, # _In_ cCharacter

wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ nLength

COORD, # _In_ dwWriteCoord

wintypes.LPDWORD) # _Out_ lpNumberOfCharsWritten

kernel32.ReadConsoleOutputCharacterW.errcheck = _check_zero

kernel32.ReadConsoleOutputCharacterW.argtypes = (

wintypes.HANDLE, # _In_ hConsoleOutput

wintypes.LPWSTR, # _Out_ lpCharacter

wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ nLength

COORD, # _In_ dwReadCoord

wintypes.LPDWORD) # _Out_ lpNumberOfCharsRead

职能

@contextlib.contextmanager

def allocate_console():

allocated = kernel32.AllocConsole()

try:

yield allocated

finally:

if allocated:

kernel32.FreeConsole()

@contextlib.contextmanager

def console_screen(ncols=None, nrows=None):

info = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFOEX()

new_info = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFOEX()

nwritten = (wintypes.DWORD * 1)()

hStdOut = kernel32.GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)

kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfoEx(

hStdOut, ctypes.byref(info))

if ncols is None:

ncols = info.dwSize.X

if nrows is None:

nrows = info.dwSize.Y

elif nrows > 9999:

raise ValueError('nrows must be 9999 or less')

fd_screen = None

hScreen = kernel32.CreateConsoleScreenBuffer(

GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,

FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,

None, CONSOLE_TEXTMODE_BUFFER, None)

try:

fd_screen = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(

hScreen, os.O_RDWR | os.O_BINARY)

kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfoEx(

hScreen, ctypes.byref(new_info))

new_info.dwSize = COORD(ncols, nrows)

new_info.srWindow = wintypes.SMALL_RECT(

Left=0, Top=0, Right=(ncols - 1),

Bottom=(info.srWindow.Bottom - info.srWindow.Top))

kernel32.SetConsoleScreenBufferInfoEx(

hScreen, ctypes.byref(new_info))

kernel32.SetConsoleWindowInfo(hScreen, True,

ctypes.byref(new_info.srWindow))

kernel32.FillConsoleOutputCharacterW(

hScreen, u'\0', ncols * nrows, COORD(0,0), nwritten)

kernel32.SetConsoleActiveScreenBuffer(hScreen)

try:

yield fd_screen

finally:

kernel32.SetConsoleScreenBufferInfoEx(

hStdOut, ctypes.byref(info))

kernel32.SetConsoleWindowInfo(hStdOut, True,

ctypes.byref(info.srWindow))

kernel32.SetConsoleActiveScreenBuffer(hStdOut)

finally:

if fd_screen is not None:

os.close(fd_screen)

else:

kernel32.CloseHandle(hScreen)

def read_screen(fd):

hScreen = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(fd)

csbi = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFOEX()

kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfoEx(

hScreen, ctypes.byref(csbi))

ncols = csbi.dwSize.X

pos = csbi.dwCursorPosition

length = ncols * pos.Y + pos.X + 1

buf = (ctypes.c_wchar * length)()

n = (wintypes.DWORD * 1)()

kernel32.ReadConsoleOutputCharacterW(

hScreen, buf, length, COORD(0,0), n)

lines = [buf[i:i+ncols].rstrip(u'\0')

for i in range(0, n[0], ncols)]

return u'\n'.join(lines)

例

if __name__ == '__main__':

import io

import textwrap

import subprocess

text = textwrap.dedent('''\

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do

eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut

enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris

nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor

in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu

fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non

proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est

laborum.''')

cmd = ("python -c \""

"print('piped output');"

"conout = open(r'CONOUT$', 'w');"

"conout.write('''%s''')\"" % text)

with allocate_console() as allocated:

with console_screen(nrows=1000) as fd_conout:

stdout = subprocess.check_output(cmd).decode()

conout = read_screen(fd_conout)

with io.open('result.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:

f.write(u'stdout:\n' + stdout)

f.write(u'\nconout:\n' + conout)

产量

stdout:

piped output

conout:

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do

eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut

enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris

nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor

in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu

fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non

proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est

laborum.