oracle的常用l函数,oracle常用函数汇集

1.INITCAP

返回字符串并将字符串的第一个字母变为大写;

SQL> select initcap('smith') upp from dual;

UPP

-----

Smith

2.LENGTH

返回字符串的长度;

SQL> select name,length(name),addr,length(addr),sal,length(to_char(sal)) from .nchar_tst;

NAME   LENGTH(NAME) ADDR             LENGTH(ADDR)       SAL LENGTH(TO_CHAR(SAL))

------ ------------ ---------------- ------------ --------- --------------------

高乾竞            3 北京市海锭区                6   9999.99                    7

3.LOWER

返回字符串,并将所有的字符小写

SQL> select lower('AaBbCcDd')AaBbCcDd from dual;

AABBCCDD

--------

aabbccdd

4.UPPER

返回字符串,并将所有的字符大写

SQL> select upper('AaBbCcDd') upper from dual;

UPPER

--------

AABBCCDD

5.RPAD和LPAD(粘贴字符)

RPAD  在列的右边粘贴字符

LPAD  在列的左边粘贴字符

SQL> select lpad(rpad('gao',10,'*'),17,'*')from dual;

LPAD(RPAD('GAO',1

-----------------

*******gao*******

不够字符则用*来填满

6.LTRIM和RTRIM

LTRIM  删除左边出现的字符串

RTRIM  删除右边出现的字符串

SQL> select ltrim(rtrim('   gao qian jing   ',' '),' ') from dual;

LTRIM(RTRIM('

-------------

gao qian jing

7.SUBSTR(string,start,count)

取子字符串,从start开始,取count个

SQL> select substr('13088888888',3,8) from dual;

SUBSTR('

--------

08888888

8.REPLACE('string','s1','s2')

string   希望被替换的字符或变量

s1       被替换的字符串

s2       要替换的字符串

SQL> select replace('he love you','he','i') from dual;

REPLACE('HELOVEYOU','HE','I')

------------------------------

i love you

9.ABS

返回指定值的绝对值

SQL> select abs(100),abs(-100) from dual;

ABS(100) ABS(-100)

--------- ---------

100       100

10.CEIL

返回大于或等于给出数字的最小整数

SQL> select ceil(3.1415927) from dual;

CEIL(3.1415927)

---------------

4

11.FLOOR

对给定的数字取整数

SQL> select floor(2345.67) from dual;

FLOOR(2345.67)

--------------

2345

12.SIGN

取数字n的符号,大于0返回1,小于0返回-1,等于0返回0

SQL> select sign(123),sign(-100),sign(0) from dual;

SIGN(123) SIGN(-100)   SIGN(0)

--------- ---------- ---------

1         -1         0

13.TRUNC

按照指定的精度截取一个数

SQL> select trunc(124.1666,-2) trunc1,trunc(124.16666,2) from dual;

TRUNC1 TRUNC(124.16666,2)

--------- ------------------

100             124.16

14.ADD_MONTHS

增加或减去月份

SQL> select to_char(add_months(to_date('199912','yyyymm'),2),'yyyymm') from dual;

TO_CHA

------

200002

SQL> select to_char(add_months(to_date('199912','yyyymm'),-2),'yyyymm') from dual;

TO_CHA

------

199910

15.MONTHS_BETWEEN(date2,date1)

给出date2-date1的月份

SQL> select months_between('19-12月-1999','19-3月-1999') mon_between from dual;

MON_BETWEEN

-----------

9

SQL>selectmonths_between(to_date('2000.05.20','yyyy.mm.dd'),to_date('2005.05.20','yyyy.dd')) mon_betw from dual;

MON_BETW

---------

-60

16.SYSDATE

用来得到系统的当前日期

SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'dd-mm-yyyy day') from dual;

17.TO_CHAR(date,'format')

SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual;

TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YY

-------------------

2004/05/09 21:14:41

18.TO_DATE(string,'format')

将字符串转化为ORACLE中的一个日期

19.TO_NUMBER

将给出的字符转换为数字

SQL> select to_number('1999') year from dual;

YEAR

---------

1999

20.GREATEST

返回一组表达式中的最大值,即比较字符的编码大小.

SQL> select greatest('AA','AB','AC') from dual;

GR

--

AC

SQL> select greatest('啊','安','天') from dual;

GR

--

天

21.LEAST

返回一组表达式中的最小值

SQL> select least('啊','安','天') from dual;

LE

--

啊

22.USER

返回当前用户的名字

SQL> select user from  du

23.round:舍入

round();

24.dual  伪表

select 1 from dual

25.decode

decode(substrb(month,5,2),'01',sell,0)

26.nvl 返回非空