python提取矩阵元素_python-如何获取矩阵中某个元素周围的所有...

如果您不关心效率,请使用scipy：

import scipy, scipy.ndimage

def nb_vals(matrix, indices):

matrix = scipy.array(matrix)

indices = tuple(scipy.transpose(scipy.atleast_2d(indices)))

arr_shape = scipy.shape(matrix)

dist = scipy.ones(arr_shape)

dist[indices] = 0

dist = scipy.ndimage.distance_transform_cdt(dist, metric='chessboard')

nb_indices = scipy.transpose(scipy.nonzero(dist == 1))

return [matrix[tuple(ind)] for ind in nb_indices]

例如

>>> matrix=[[1,2,3,4],

... [5,6,7,8],

... [9,10,11,12]]

>>>

>>> nb_vals(matrix, [1,1])

[1,2,3,5,7,9,10,11]

这是与维度无关的(为输入“矩阵”的任意数量的维度工作)并处理您可能希望在附近找到邻居的任意数量的索引.

>>> arr_shape = (2,3,4,5)

>>> testMatrix = scipy.array(scipy.random.random(arr_shape)*10, dtype=int)

>>> print(testMatrix