python将html存为图片_IMGKit：将HTML转换成图像Python库

IMGKit: Python library of HTML to IMG wrapper

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Python 2 and 3 wrapper for wkhtmltoimage utility to convert HTML to IMG using Webkit.

Installation

Install imgkit:

pip install imgkit

Install wkhtmltopdf:

Debian/Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install wkhtmltopdf

Warning! Version in debian/ubuntu repos have reduced functionality (because it compiled without the wkhtmltopdf QT patches), such as adding outlines, headers, footers, TOC etc. To use this options you should install static binary from wkhtmltopdf site or you can use this script.

MacOSX

brew install wkhtmltopdf

Windows and other options: check wkhtmltopdf homepage for binary installers or wiki page.

Usage

Simple example:

import imgkit

imgkit.from_url('http://google.com', 'out.jpg')

imgkit.from_file('test.html', 'out.jpg')

imgkit.from_string('Hello!', 'out.jpg')

You can pass a list with multiple URLs or files:

imgkit.from_url(['google.com', 'yandex.ru', 'engadget.com'], 'out.jpg')

imgkit.from_file(['file1.html', 'file2.html'], 'out.jpg')

Also you can pass an opened file:

with open('file.html') as f:

imgkit.from_file(f, 'out.jpg')

If you wish to further process generated IMG, you can read it to a variable:

# Use False instead of output path to save pdf to a variable

img = imgkit.from_url('http://google.com', False)

You can find all wkhtmltoimage options by type wkhtmltoimage command or visit this Manual. You can drop '--' in option name. If option without value, use None, False or '' for dict value:. For repeatable options (incl. allow, cookie, custom-header, post, postfile, run-script, replace) you may use a list or a tuple. With option that need multiple values (e.g. --custom-header Authorization secret) we may use a 2-tuple (see example below).

options = {

'format': 'png',

'crop-h': '3',

'crop-w': '3',

'crop-x': '3',

'crop-y': '3',

'encoding': "UTF-8",

'custom-header' : [

('Accept-Encoding', 'gzip')

]

'cookie': [

('cookie-name1', 'cookie-value1'),

('cookie-name2', 'cookie-value2'),

],

'no-outline': None

}

imgkit.from_url('http://google.com', 'out.png', options=options)

At some headless servers, perhaps you need to install xvfb:

# at ubuntu server, etc.

sudo apt-get install xvfb

# at centos server, etc.

yum install xorg-x11-server-Xvfb

Then use IMGKit with option xvfb: {"xvfb": ""}.

By default, IMGKit will show all wkhtmltoimage output. If you don't want it, you need to pass quiet option:

options = {

'quiet': ''

}

imgkit.from_url('google.com', 'out.jpg', options=options)

Due to wkhtmltoimage command syntax, TOC and Cover options must be specified separately. If you need cover before TOC, use cover_first option:

toc = {

'xsl-style-sheet': 'toc.xsl'

}

cover = 'cover.html'

imgkit.from_file('file.html', options=options, toc=toc, cover=cover)

imgkit.from_file('file.html', options=options, toc=toc, cover=cover, cover_first=True)

You can specify external CSS files when converting files or strings using css option.

# Single CSS file

css = 'example.css'

imgkit.from_file('file.html', options=options, css=css)

# Multiple CSS files

css = ['example.css', 'example2.css']

imgkit.from_file('file.html', options=options, css=css)

You can also pass any options through meta tags in your HTML:

body = """

Hello World!

"""

imgkit.from_string(body, 'out.png')

Configuration

Each API call takes an optional config paramater. This should be an instance of imgkit.config() API call. It takes the config options as initial paramaters. The available options are:

wkhtmltoimage - the location of the wkhtmltoimage binary. By default imgkit will attempt to locate this using which(on UNIX type systems) or where (on Windows).

meta_tag_prefix - the prefix for imgkit specific meta tags - by default this is imgkit-

Example - for when wkhtmltopdf is not in $PATH:

config = imgkit.config(wkhtmltoimage='/opt/bin/wkhtmltoimage')

imgkit.from_string(html_string, output_file, config=config)

Troubleshooting

IOError: 'No wkhtmltopdf executable found':

Make sure that you have wkhtmltoimage in your $PATH or set via custom configuration (see preceding section). where wkhtmltoimage in Windows or which wkhtmltoimage on Linux should return actual path to binary.

IOError: 'Command Failed':

This error means that IMGKit was unable to process an input. You can try to directly run a command from error message and see what error caused failure (on some wkhtmltoimage versions this can be cause by segmentation faults)

Credit