linux硬盘分区信息丢失,使用Linux的LVM在不丢失数据的情况下删除正在使用的硬盘或分区...

大多数文章介绍的都仅仅是添加硬盘以及调整分区大小，但很少有安全的彻底卸掉其中一个分区或硬盘的，这里重点介绍一下这个。

情况介绍：

一、由于硬盘或者分区的操作方式其实都一样，所以我这里就以分区为例。

二、/home分区2.6G，由如下pv组成：

/dev/sda5  100M

/dev/sda6   200M

/dev/sda7   300M

/dev/sda8   400M

/dev/sda9    500M

/dev/sda10  600M

/dev/sda11  500M

很碎对吧？^_^因为测试。

三、随机写了一堆文件进去，用量达到了2G，空闲500M

四、准备将sda6这个200M的PV卸掉(卸掉的容量必须小于空闲容量)

好了开始具体操作了。

卸载分区(缩小操作必须卸载才能进行)：

umount /home

缩小分区：

e2fsck -f /dev/liuhg_disk/home

resize2fs /dev/liuhg_disk/home 2200M

首先将分区缩小到2200M这是为了给sda6腾出空间，sda6为200M，而我腾出了400M，因此应该是足够的。

缩小逻辑卷：

lvreduce -L 2200M /dev/liuhg_disk/home

分区缩小了用到的逻辑卷也要随着缩小，并查看PV使用的状态：

pvdisplay -m

显示如下：

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name               /dev/sda5

VG Name               liuhg_disk

PV Size               103.26 MiB / not usable 3.26 MiB

Allocatable           yes (but full)

PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              25

Free PE               0

Allocated PE          25

PV UUID               5lnx52-b4jc-OOfZ-f2QA-ttdQ-DZeD-Ce3rb3

--- Physical Segments ---

Physical extent 0 to 24:

Logical volume      /dev/liuhg_disk/home

Logical extents     0 to 24

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name               /dev/sda6

VG Name               liuhg_disk

PV Size               203.92 MiB / not usable 3.92 MiB

Allocatable           yes (but full)

PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              50

Free PE               0          Allocated PE          50      PV UUID               S2ane6-nlFG-uSNR-35NP-Yxa6-cXRb-r8E8mK

--- Physical Segments ---

Physical extent 0 to 49:

Logical volume      /dev/liuhg_disk/home

Logical extents     25 to 74

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name               /dev/sda7

VG Name               liuhg_disk

PV Size               305.89 MiB / not usable 1.89 MiB

Allocatable           yes

PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              76

Free PE               76    Allocated PE          0

PV UUID               9CFnlx-CAEw-CSul-Rig9-FiCN-zK0a-oGmTEP

--- Physical Segments ---

Physical extent 0 to 75:

FREE

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name               /dev/sda8

VG Name               liuhg_disk

PV Size               407.87 MiB / not usable 3.87 MiB

Allocatable           yes

PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              101

Free PE               60

Allocated PE          41

PV UUID               X0I8p0-x2xr-2xLG-QQD4-jbtS-3C4i-xPn4Bl

--- Physical Segments ---

Physical extent 0 to 40:

Logical volume      /dev/liuhg_disk/home

Logical extents     471 to 511

Physical extent 41 to 100:

FREE

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name               /dev/sda9

VG Name               liuhg_disk

PV Size               509.84 MiB / not usable 1.84 MiB

Allocatable           yes (but full)

PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              127

Free PE               0

Allocated PE          127

PV UUID               avJQaA-oMKt-NEoJ-ojBK-2Csc-1dca-1mh6Ue

--- Physical Segments ---

Physical extent 0 to 126:

Logical volume      /dev/liuhg_disk/home

Logical extents     225 to 351

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name               /dev/sda10

VG Name               liuhg_disk

PV Size               603.98 MiB / not usable 3.98 MiB

Allocatable           yes (but full)

PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              150

Free PE               0

Allocated PE          150

PV UUID               JlMIAF-A49n-M6HA-ZLXf-d8nS-pfZr-YeQsKT

--- Physical Segments ---

Physical extent 0 to 149:

Logical volume      /dev/liuhg_disk/home

Logical extents     75 to 224

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name               /dev/sda11

VG Name               liuhg_disk

PV Size               478.47 MiB / not usable 2.47 MiB

Allocatable           yes (but full)

PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              119

Free PE               0

Allocated PE          119

PV UUID               xnHJNA-tDVx-dryX-KM1x-g96Y-sptI-9iUOcU

--- Physical Segments ---

Physical extent 0 to 118:

Logical volume      /dev/liuhg_disk/home

Logical extents     352 to 470

将sda6设置为离线状态：

pvchange -xn /dev/sda6

使用pvdisplay -m

显示如下：

……

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name               /dev/sda6

VG Name               liuhg_disk

PV Size               203.92 MiB / not usable 3.92 MiB

Allocatable           NO        PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              50

Free PE               0

Allocated PE          50

PV UUID               S2ane6-nlFG-uSNR-35NP-Yxa6-cXRb-r8E8mK

……

将sda6的数据移走：

pvmove -i 1 /dev/sda6

-i 1是每1秒钟报告一次数据迁移的进度。

[root@liuhg /]# pvmove -i 1 /dev/sda6

/dev/sda6: Moved: 38.0%

/dev/sda6: Moved: 84.0%

/dev/sda6: Moved: 100.0%

重新用pvdisplay -m

显示如下：

……

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name               /dev/sda6

VG Name               liuhg_disk

PV Size               203.92 MiB / not usable 3.92 MiB

Allocatable           NO

PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              50

Free PE               50     Allocated PE          0

PV UUID               S2ane6-nlFG-uSNR-35NP-Yxa6-cXRb-r8E8mK

……

从卷组里把sda6删除:

[root@liuhg /]# vgreduce liuhg_disk /dev/sda6

Removed "/dev/sda6" from volume group "liuhg_disk"

pvdisplay -m再看看吧：

--- NEW Physical volume ---     PV Name               /dev/sda6

VG Name                 PV Size               203.92 MiB

Allocatable           NO

PE Size               0

Total PE              0

Free PE               0

Allocated PE          0

PV UUID               S2ane6-nlFG-uSNR-35NP-Yxa6-cXRb-r8E8mK

到此vgdisplay -v能看到已经没有了/dev/sda6了。重新挂载/home

[root@liuhg /]# mount /dev/liuhg_disk/home /home

[root@liuhg /]# df -h

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda1             2.0G  546M  1.3G  30% /

tmpfs                 504M     0  504M   0% /dev/shm

/dev/mapper/liuhg_disk-home

2.2G  1.8G   42M  98% /home

进去看看数据，一个都没丢。