linux的time ls,ls命令中的 time-style

在linux使用ls命令时，ls -l  默认只显示“月-日”，而不显示“年”，这样就给我们查看文件的时间属性带来困扰，这时侯，我们可以指定time-style(时间显示类型)。

linux中time-style的参数为：

- `full-iso'

- `long-iso'

- `iso'

- `locale'

具体解释如下。()--time-style=style’List timestamps in style. style. The style should

be one of the following:

‘+format’List timestamps using format, where format is interpreted

like the format argument of date (see ).

For example, --time-style="+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" causes

ls to list timestamps like ‘2002-03-30 23:45:56’. As

with date, format's interpretation is affected by the

LC_TIME locale category.

If format contains two format strings separated by a newline,

the former is used for non-recent files and the latter for recent

files; if you want output columns to line up, you may need to insert

spaces in one of the two formats.‘full-iso’List timestamps in full using ISO 8601 date, time, and time zone

format with nanosecond precision, e.g., ‘2002-03-30

23:45:56.477817180 -0700’. This style. is equivalent to

‘+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N %z’.

This is useful because the time output includes all the information that

is available from the operating system. For example, this can help

explain make's behavior, since GNU make

uses the full timestamp to determine whether a file is out of date.‘long-iso’List ISO 8601 date and time in minutes, e.g.,

‘2002-03-30 23:45’. These timestamps are shorter than

‘full-iso’ timestamps, and are usually good enough for everyday

work. This style. is equivalent to ‘+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M’.

‘iso’List ISO 8601 dates for non-recent timestamps (e.g.,

‘2002-03-30’), and ISO 8601 month, day, hour, and

minute for recent timestamps (e.g., ‘03-30 23:45’). These

timestamps are uglier than ‘long-iso’ timestamps, but they carry

nearly the same information in a smaller space and their brevity helps

ls output fit within traditional 80-column output lines.

The following two ls invocations are equivalent:

newline='

'

ls -l --time-style="+%Y-%m-%d $newline%m-%d %H:%M"

ls -l --time-style="iso"

‘locale’List timestamps in a locale-dependent form. For example, a Finnish

locale might list non-recent timestamps like ‘maalis 30 2002’

and recent timestamps like ‘maalis 30 23:45’. Locale-dependent

timestamps typically consume more space than ‘iso’ timestamps and

are harder for programs to parse because locale conventions vary so

widely, but they are easier for many people to read.

The LC_TIME locale category specifies the timestamp format. The

default POSIX locale uses timestamps like ‘Mar 30 2002’ and ‘Mar 30 23:45’; in this locale, the following two

ls invocations are equivalent:newline='

'

ls -l --time-style="+%b %e %Y$newline%b %e %H:%M"

ls -l --time-style="locale"

Other locales behave differently. For example, in a German locale,

--time-style="locale" might be equivalent to

--time-style="+%e. %b %Y $newline%e. %b %H:%M"

and might generate timestamps like ‘30. Mär 2002’ and

‘30. Mär 23:45’.‘posix-style’List POSIX-locale timestamps if the LC_TIME locale

category is POSIX, style timestamps otherwise. For

example, the ‘posix-long-iso’ style. lists

timestamps like ‘Mar 30 2002’ and ‘Mar 30 23:45’ when in

the POSIX locale, and like ‘2002-03-30 23:45’ otherwise.

You can specify the default value of the --time-style option

with the environment variable TIME_STYLE; if TIME_STYLE is not set

the default style. is ‘locale’. GNU Emacs 21.3 and

later use the --dired option and therefore can parse any date

format, but if you are using Emacs 21.1 or 21.2 and specify a

non-POSIX locale you may need to set

‘TIME_STYLE="posix-long-iso"’.