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初始化编译环境 Initializing aBuild Environment
Buildingthe System
Thebasic sequence of build commands is as follows:
Initialize
Initializethe environment with theenvsetup.shscript.Note that replacing "source" with a single dot saves a fewcharacters, and the short form is more commonly used indocumentation.
$ source build/envsetup.sh
or
$ . build/envsetup.sh
Choosea Target
Choosewhich target to build withlunch.The exact configuration can be passed as an argument, e.g.
$ lunch full-eng
Theexample above refers to a complete build for the emulator, with alldebugging enabled.
Ifrun with no argumentslunchwillprompt you to choose a target from the menu.
Allbuild targets take the form BUILD-BUILDTYPE, where the BUILD is acodename referring to the particular feature combination:
Buildname
Device
Notes
full
emulator
fullyconfigured with all languages, apps, input methods
full_maguro
maguro
full buildrunning on Galaxy Nexus GSM/HSPA+ ("maguro")
full_panda
panda
full buildrunning on PandaBoard ("panda")
andthe BUILDTYPE is one of the following:
Buildtype
Use
user
limitedaccess; suited for production
userdebug
like"user" but with root access and debuggability;preferred for debugging
eng
developmentconfiguration with additional debugging tools
Formore information about building for and running on actual hardware,seeBuildingfor devices
Buildthe Code
Buildeverything withmake.GNU make can handle parallel tasks with a-jNargument,and it's common to use a number of tasks N that's between 1 and 2times the number of hardware threads on the computer being used forthe build. E.g. on a dual-E5520 machine (2 CPUs, 4 cores per CPU, 2threads per core), the fastest builds are made with commandsbetweenmake-j16andmake-j32.
$ make -j4
RunIt!
Youcan either run your build on an emulator or flash it on a device.Please note that you have already selected your build targetwithlunch,and it is unlikely at best to run on a different target than it wasbuilt for.
Flasha Device
Toflash a device, you will need to usefastboot,which should be included in your path after a successful build. Placethe device in fastboot mode either manually by holding theappropriate key combination at boot, or from the shell with
$ adb reboot bootloader
Oncethe device is in fastboot mode, run
$ fastboot flashall -w
The-woptionwipes the/datapartitionon the device; this is useful for your first time flashing aparticular device, but is otherwise unnecessary.
Formore information about building for and running on actual hardware,seeBuildingfor devices
Emulatean Android Device
Theemulator is added to your path automatically by the build process. Torun the emulator, type
$ emulator
Usingccache
ccacheis a compiler cache for C and C++ that can help make builds faster.In the root of the source tree, do the following:
$ export USE_CCACHE=1$ export CCACHE_DIR=//.ccache$ prebuilt/linux-x86/ccache/ccache -M 20G
Youcan watch ccache being used by doing the following:
$ watch -n1 -d prebuilt/linux-x86/ccache/ccache -s
OnOSX, you should replacelinux-x86withdarwin-x86.
TroubleshootingCommon Build Errors
WrongJava Version
Ifyou are attempting to build froyo or earlier with Java 1.6, orgingerbread or later with Java 1.5,makewillabort with a message such as
************************************************************You are attempting to build with the incorrect versionof java.Your version is: WRONG_VERSION.The correct version is: RIGHT_VERSION.Please follow the machine setup instructions athttp://source.android.com/download************************************************************
Thismay be caused by
failingto install the correct JDK as specified on theInitializingpage.Building Android requires Sun JDK 5 or 6 depending on which releaseyou are building.
anotherJDK that you previously installed appearing in your path. You canremove the offending JDK from your path with: $ export PATH=${PATH/\/path\/to\/jdk\/dir:/}
PythonVersion 3
Repois built on particular functionality from Python 2.x and isunfortunately incompatible with Python 3. In order to use repo,please install Python 2.x:
$ apt-get install python
GmakeVersion 3.82
Thereis a bug inmakeversion3.82 on Mac OS that prevents building Android.
TODO:what the error looks like with GNU make 3.82 on older builds thatdon't explicitly detect it.
Followthe instructions on theInitializingpagefor reverting GNU make from 3.82 to 3.81.
CaseInsensitive Filesystem
Ifyou are building on an HFS filesystem on Mac OS X, you may encounteran error such as
************************************************************You are building on a case-insensitive filesystem.Please move your source tree to a case-sensitive filesystem.************************************************************
Pleasefollow the instructions on theInitializingpagefor creating a case-sensitive disk image.
NoUSB Permission
Onmost Linux systems, unprivileged users cannot access USB ports bydefault. If you see a permission denied error, follow theinstructions on theInitializingpagefor configuring USB access.
Ifadb was already running and cannot connect to the device aftergetting those rules set up, it can be killed withadbkill-server.That will cause adb to restart with the new configuration.