设置html5,如何在JavaScript中设置HTML5必需属性？

小编典典

简洁版本

element.setAttribute("required", ""); //turns required on

element.required = true; //turns required on through reflected attribute

jQuery(element).attr('required', ''); //turns required on

$("#elementId").attr('required', ''); //turns required on

element.removeAttribute("required"); //turns required off

element.required = false; //turns required off through reflected attribute

jQuery(element).removeAttr('required'); //turns required off

$("#elementId").removeAttr('required'); //turns required off

if (edName.hasAttribute("required")) { } //check if required

if (edName.required) { } //check if required using reflected attribute

长版

一旦TJ Crowder指出了反射的属性，我就知道以下语法是错误的：

element.attributes["name"] = value; //bad! Overwrites the HtmlAttribute object

element.attributes.name = value; //bad! Overwrites the HtmlAttribute object

value = element.attributes.name; //bad! Returns the HtmlAttribute object, not its value

value = element.attributes["name"]; //bad! Returns the HtmlAttribute object, not its value

你必须经历element.getAttribute和element.setAttribute：

element.getAttribute("foo"); //correct

element.setAttribute("foo", "test"); //correct

这是因为该属性实际上包含一个特殊的HtmlAttribute对象：

element.attributes["foo"]; //returns HtmlAttribute object, not the value of the attribute

element.attributes.foo; //returns HtmlAttribute object, not the value of the attribute

通过将属性值设置为“ true”，您将其错误地设置为String对象，而不是其所需的HtmlAttribute对象：

element.attributes["foo"] = "true"; //error because "true" is not a HtmlAttribute object

element.setAttribute("foo", "true"); //error because "true" is not an HtmlAttribute object

从概念上讲，正确的想法(用一种类型的语言表示)是：

HtmlAttribute attribute = new HtmlAttribute();

attribute.value = "";

element.attributes["required"] = attribute;

这就是为什么：

getAttribute(name)

setAttribute(name, value)

存在。他们负责将值分配给内部的HtmlAttribute对象。

除此之外，还反映了一些属性。这意味着您可以从Javascript更好地访问它们：

//Set the required attribute

//element.setAttribute("required", "");

element.required = true;

//Check the attribute

//if (element.getAttribute("required")) {...}

if (element.required) {...}

//Remove the required attribute

//element.removeAttribute("required");

element.required = false;

什么，你不想要做的就是误用.attributes集合：

element.attributes.required = true; //WRONG!

if (element.attributes.required) {...} //WRONG!

element.attributes.required = false; //WRONG!

测试案例

这导致围绕required属性的使用进行测试，比较通过属性返回的值和反映的属性

document.getElementById("name").required;

document.getElementById("name").getAttribute("required");

结果：

HTML .required .getAttribute("required")

========================== =============== =========================

false (Boolean) null (Object)

true (Boolean) "" (String)

true (Boolean) "" (String)

true (Boolean) "required" (String)

true (Boolean) "true" (String)

true (Boolean) "false" (String)

true (Boolean) "0" (String)

尝试.attributes直接访问集合是错误的。它返回代表DOM属性的对象：

edName.attributes["required"] => [object Attr]

edName.attributes.required => [object Attr]

这解释了为什么您不应该.attributes直接与收款人交谈。您不是在操纵属性的值，而是操纵代表属性本身的对象。

如何设置要求？

设置required属性的正确方法是什么？您有两种选择，即体现属性或通过正确设置属性：

element.setAttribute("required", ""); //Correct

edName.required = true; //Correct

严格来说，任何其他值都会“设置”属性。但是Boolean属性的定义规定应仅将其设置为空字符串""以表示true。下面的方法都工作到设定的required 布尔属性，

但不要使用它们：

element.setAttribute("required", "required"); //valid, but not preferred

element.setAttribute("required", "foo"); //works, but silly

element.setAttribute("required", "true"); //Works, but don't do it, because:

element.setAttribute("required", "false"); //also sets required boolean to true

element.setAttribute("required", false); //also sets required boolean to true

element.setAttribute("required", 0); //also sets required boolean to true

我们已经了解到尝试直接设置属性是错误的：

edName.attributes["required"] = true; //wrong

edName.attributes["required"] = ""; //wrong

edName.attributes["required"] = "required"; //wrong

edName.attributes.required = true; //wrong

edName.attributes.required = ""; //wrong

edName.attributes.required = "required"; //wrong

如何清除必填项？

尝试删除该required属性的诀窍是很容易意外地将其打开：

edName.removeAttribute("required"); //Correct

edName.required = false; //Correct

用无效的方法：

edName.setAttribute("required", null); //WRONG! Actually turns required on!

edName.setAttribute("required", ""); //WRONG! Actually turns required on!

edName.setAttribute("required", "false"); //WRONG! Actually turns required on!

edName.setAttribute("required", false); //WRONG! Actually turns required on!

edName.setAttribute("required", 0); //WRONG! Actually turns required on!

使用反射.required属性时，还可以使用任何“ falsey”值将其关闭，而使用trues值将其打开。但是为了清楚起见，请坚持对与错。

如何检查的required？

通过以下.hasAttribute("required")方法检查属性的存在：

if (edName.hasAttribute("required"))

{

}

您也可以通过Boolean反映的.required属性进行检查 ：

if (edName.required)

{

}

2020-05-01