android studio partially installed,APK安装流程详解2——PackageManager简介

APK安装流程系列文章整体内容如下：

本片文章主要内容如下：

1、PackageManager介绍

2、PackageManager类概述

3、PackageManager与APK安装

4、PackageManager的功能

5、PackageManager常用方法

6、PackageManager中关于"安装"的几个方法

俗话说的好，得中原者，得天下，那么想要了解Android的安装了流程就不得不提及一个重要的类"PackageManager"我们就先来了解这两个类

一、PackageManager介绍

Android系统为我们提供了很多服务的管理类，比如ActivityManager、PowrManager，那么和安装APK有关就是PackageManager了，它负责管理应用程序包，通过它就可以获取应用程序信息。

二、PackageManager类概述

这个类已经5000多行，我们就不详细介绍了，我们来看下这个类

/**

* Class for retrieving various kinds of information related to the application

* packages that are currently installed on the device.

*

* You can find this class through {@link Context#getPackageManager}.

*/

public abstract class PackageManager {

...

}

通过上面代码我们知道这个类是抽象类，那我们来看下注释

PackageManager这个类是检测当前已经安装在当前设备上的应用程序包的信息。你可以调用Context类的getPackageManager()方法来获取PackageManager方法。

三、PackageManager与APK安装

PackageManager是一个实际上管理应用程序安装、卸载和升级的API。当我们安装APK文件时，PackageManager会解析APK包文件和显示确认信息。当我们点击OK按钮后，PackageManager会调用一个叫"InstallPackage"的方法，这个方法有4个参数，也就是uri、installFlags、observer、installPackagename。PackageManager会启动一个叫"package"的servcie服务，现在所有模糊的东西会发生在这个service中。

APK安装流程.png

四、PackageManager的功能

1、安装、卸载应用

2、查询permission相关信息

3、查询Application相关信息(application、activity、receiver、service、provider及相应属性等)

4、查询已安装应用

5、增加、删除permission

6、清除用户数据、缓存、代码等

五、PackageManager常用方法

1、public abstract PackageInfo getPackageInfo(String packageName, int flags)方法：

通过包名获取该包名对应的应用程序的PackageInfo对象

/**

* Retrieve overall information about an application package that is

* installed on the system.

*

* Throws {@link NameNotFoundException} if a package with the given name can

* not be found on the system.

*

* @param packageName The full name (i.e. com.google.apps.contacts) of the

* desired package.

* @param flags Additional option flags. Use any combination of

* {@link #GET_ACTIVITIES}, {@link #GET_GIDS},

* {@link #GET_CONFIGURATIONS}, {@link #GET_INSTRUMENTATION},

* {@link #GET_PERMISSIONS}, {@link #GET_PROVIDERS},

* {@link #GET_RECEIVERS}, {@link #GET_SERVICES},

* {@link #GET_SIGNATURES}, {@link #GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES} to

* modify the data returned.

* @return Returns a PackageInfo object containing information about the

* package. If flag GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES is set and if the

* package is not found in the list of installed applications, the

* package information is retrieved from the list of uninstalled

* applications (which includes installed applications as well as

* applications with data directory i.e. applications which had been

* deleted with {@code DONT_DELETE_DATA} flag set).

* @see #GET_ACTIVITIES

* @see #GET_GIDS

* @see #GET_CONFIGURATIONS

* @see #GET_INSTRUMENTATION

* @see #GET_PERMISSIONS

* @see #GET_PROVIDERS

* @see #GET_RECEIVERS

* @see #GET_SERVICES

* @see #GET_SIGNATURES

* @see #GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES

*/

public abstract PackageInfo getPackageInfo(String packageName, int flags)

throws NameNotFoundException;

先翻译一下注释：

检索出有关系统上安装应用程序包的总体信息

关于PackageInfo这各类请参考APK安装流程详解1——有关"安装ing"的实体类概述

。它表示检索有关系统上安装的应用程序包的总体信息。

2、public abstract String[] currentToCanonicalPackageNames(String[] names)方法：

/**

* Map from the current package names in use on the device to whatever

* the current canonical name of that package is.

* @param names Array of current names to be mapped.

* @return Returns an array of the same size as the original, containing

* the canonical name for each package.

*/

public abstract String[] currentToCanonicalPackageNames(String[] names);

简单翻译注释如下：

从设备上使用当前包名映射到该软件包名的当前规范名称。

入参params names 表示要映射的当前名称的数组

出参return 表示与原始数组大小相同的数组，其中包含每个包的规范名称

如果修改包名会用到，没有修改过包名一般不会用到

3、public abstract String[] canonicalToCurrentPackageNames(String[] names)方法：

主要是相对于上面的方法

/**

* Map from a packages canonical name to the current name in use on the device.

* @param names Array of new names to be mapped.

* @return Returns an array of the same size as the original, containing

* the current name for each package.

*/

public abstract String[] canonicalToCurrentPackageNames(String[] names);

简单翻译注释如下：

将软件包规范名称映射到设备上正在使用的当前名称。

入参params names 表示要映射的新名称数组

出参return 表示返回与原始数组大小相同的数组，其中包含每个包的当前名称。

其中canonicalToCurrentPackageNames()和currentToCanonicalPackageNames()方法是相反的两个方法

4、public abstract Intent getLaunchIntentForPackage(String packageName)方法：

获取一个应用程序的Lauch的Intent

/**

* Returns a "good" intent to launch a front-door activity in a package.

* This is used, for example, to implement an "open" button when browsing

* through packages. The current implementation looks first for a main

* activity in the category {@link Intent#CATEGORY_INFO}, and next for a

* main activity in the category {@link Intent#CATEGORY_LAUNCHER}. Returns

* null if neither are found.

*

* @param packageName The name of the package to inspect.

*

* @return A fully-qualified {@link Intent} that can be used to launch the

* main activity in the package. Returns null if the package

* does not contain such an activity, or if packageName is not

* recognized.

*/

public abstract Intent getLaunchIntentForPackage(String packageName);

返回一个"包"中的"入口"Activity的Intent，例如，这是类似于在浏览包的"打开"按钮。这个当前的安装启动第一步在category(CATEGORY_INFO)中寻找main Activity，然后在category(CATEGORY_LAUNCHER)寻找main Activity。如果找不到就返回null。

入参是包名

5、public abstract Intent getLeanbackLaunchIntentForPackage(String packageName)方法：

获取一个TV应用的Leanback的Intent

/**

* Return a "good" intent to launch a front-door Leanback activity in a

* package, for use for example to implement an "open" button when browsing

* through packages. The current implementation will look for a main

* activity in the category {@link * return null if no main leanback activities are found.

*

* Throws {@link NameNotFoundException} if a package with the given name

* cannot be found on the system.

*

* @param packageName The name of the package to inspect.

* @return Returns either a fully-qualified Intent that can be used to launch

* the main Leanback activity in the package, or null if the package

* does not contain such an activity.

*/

public abstract Intent getLeanbackLaunchIntentForPackage(String packageName);

Leanback activity一般在TV上使用的比较多，上面这个方法返回的Intent的一般在AndroidManifest如下：

android:name="com.example.android.TvActivity"

android:label="@string/app_name"

android:theme="@style/Theme.Leanback">

其实就是返回的是com.example.android.TvActivity的打开Intent

翻译注释如下：

返回一个"合适的"Intent，这个Intent是打开LeanbackActivity的入口Intent。例如，类似于在浏览包的"打开"按钮。这个将找匹配CATEGORY_LEANBACK_LAUNCHER的Activity。如果没有找到则返回null。

6、public abstract int[] getPackageGids(String packageName)方法：

获取相应包的Group ids

/**

* Return an array of all of the POSIX secondary group IDs that have been

* assigned to the given package.

*

* Note that the same package may have different GIDs under different

* {@link UserHandle} on the same device.

*

* @param packageName The full name (i.e. com.google.apps.contacts) of the

* desired package.

* @return Returns an int array of the assigned GIDs, or null if there are

* none.

* @throws NameNotFoundException if a package with the given name cannot be

* found on the system.

*/

public abstract int[] getPackageGids(String packageName)

throws NameNotFoundException;

翻译注释如下：

返回已分配给包的所有的POSIX辅助组ID的数组

请注意，相同的包可能会有不同的GID， 因为可能存在在同一个设备开启了不同的"用户模式“下

入参params packageName 是全包名

出参 表示 返回应用程序对应的GID的int 数组，如果没有应用程序，则返回null。

7、public abstract int[] getPackageUid(String packageName)方法：

获取相应包的UID

代码在PackageManager.java2113行

/**

* Return the UID associated with the given package name.

*

* Note that the same package will have different UIDs under different

* {@link UserHandle} on the same device.

*

* @param packageName The full name (i.e. com.google.apps.contacts) of the

* desired package.

* @return Returns an integer UID who owns the given package name.

* @throws NameNotFoundException if a package with the given name can not be

* found on the system.

*/

public abstract int getPackageUid(String packageName, @PackageInfoFlags int flags)

throws NameNotFoundException;

翻译注释如下：

返回与给定包名的对应的UID

请注意，相同的包可能会有不同的UID， 因为可能存在在同一个设备开启了不同的"用户模式“下

入参params packageName 是全包名

出参 表示 返回给定包名的int 型的UID

8、 public abstract PermissionInfo getPermissionInfo(String name, int flags)方法：

根