python中iteritems,Python2中的dict.items（）和dict.iteritems（）有什么区别？

Are there any applicable differences between dict.items() and dict.iteritems()?

dict.items(): Return a copy of the dictionary’s list of (key, value) pairs.

dict.iteritems(): Return an iterator over the dictionary’s (key, value) pairs.

If I run the code below, each seems to return a reference to the same object. Are there any subtle differences that I am missing?

#!/usr/bin/python

d={1:'one',2:'two',3:'three'}

print 'd.items():'

for k,v in d.items():

if d[k] is v: print '\tthey are the same object'

else: print '\tthey are different'

print 'd.iteritems():'

for k,v in d.iteritems():

if d[k] is v: print '\tthey are the same object'

else: print '\tthey are different'

Output:

d.items():

they are the same object

they are the same object

they are the same object

d.iteritems():

they are the same object

they are the same object

they are the same object

解决方案

It's part of an evolution.

Originally, Python items() built a real list of tuples and returned that. That could potentially take a lot of extra memory.

Then, generators were introduced to the language in general, and that method was reimplemented as an iterator-generator method named iteritems(). The original remains for backwards compatibility.

One of Python 3’s changes is that items() now return iterators, and a list is never fully built. The iteritems() method is also gone, since items() in Python 3 works like viewitems() in Python 2.7.