Shell常用特殊变量
经常会在shell命令中,看到$0, $#, $*, $@, $?, $$这样的取值,这些代表什么呢?
变量
含义
$0
当前脚本的文件名
$n
传递给脚本或函数的参数。n 是一个数字,表示第几个参数。例如,第一个参数是$1,第二个参数是$2
$#
传递给脚本或函数的参数个数
$*
传递给脚本或函数的所有参数
$@
传递给脚本或函数的所有参数。被双引号(” “)包含时,与$* 稍有不同
$?
上个命令的退出状态,或函数的返回值。成功返回0,失败返回1
$$
当前Shell进程ID。对于 Shell 脚本,就是这些脚本所在的进程ID
$* 和 $@ 都是将参数一个一个返回
"$*"将所有参数当做一个整体字符串返回 , "$@"将参数一个一个返回
常用判断参数
在shell命令文件中还经常会看到类似与if [ -z "${SPARK_HOME}" ]; then这样的判断语句?是不是也和我一样很疑惑-z是什么含义?
下面是几个常见的参数,供查询使用:
-a file exists.
-b file exists and is a block special file.
-c file exists and is a character special file.
-d file exists and is a directory.
-e file exists (just the same as -a).
-f file exists and is a regular file.
-g file exists and has its setgid(2) bit set.
-G file exists and has the same group ID as this process.
-k file exists and has its sticky bit set.
-L file exists and is a symbolic link.
-n string length is not zero.
-o Named option is set on.
-O file exists and is owned by the user ID of this process.
-p file exists and is a first in, first out (FIFO) special file or named pipe.
-r file exists and is readable by the current process.
-s file exists and has a size greater than zero.
-S file exists and is a socket.
-t file descriptor number fildes is open and associated with a terminal device.
-u file exists and has its setuid(2) bit set.
-w file exists and is writable by the current process.
-x file exists and is executable by the current process.
-z string length is zero.
判断命令
shell中除了有上边这样用来判断文件是否存在的参数,当然还有判断两个数是否相等这样更常规的命令
例如,if [ $# -gt 0 ]这样判断传入参数个数是否为0
命令
含义
-eq
等于
-ne
不等于
-gt
大于
-lt
小于
ge
大于等于
le
小于等于
以上这篇对shell中常见参数及判断命令介绍就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。