python中二进制以什么开头_在Python中对字符串前缀执行二进制搜索

我想搜索以给定子字符串开头的所有元素的排序字符串列表.

这是一个查找所有完全匹配的示例：

import bisect

names = ['adam', 'bob', 'bob', 'bob', 'bobby', 'bobert', 'chris']

names.sort()

leftIndex = bisect.bisect_left(names, 'bob')

rightIndex = bisect.bisect_right(names, 'bob')

print(names[leftIndex:rightIndex])

打印[‘bob’,’bob’,’bob’].

相反,我想搜索所有以’bob’开头的名字.我想要的输出是[‘bob’,’bob’,’bob’,’bobby’,’bobert’].如果我可以修改bisect搜索的比较方法,那么我可以使用name.startswith(‘bob’)来执行此操作.

举个例子,在Java中它很容易.我会用：

Arrays.binarySearch(names, "bob", myCustomComparator);

其中’myCustomComparator’是一个利用startswith方法(和一些额外的逻辑)的比较器.

我如何在Python中执行此操作？

解决方法:

通过使用使用选择的自定义比较器的实例,可以使用自定义比较来欺骗bisect：

>>> class PrefixCompares(object):

... def __init__(self, value):

... self.value = value

... def __lt__(self, other):

... return self.value < other[0:len(self.value)]

...

>>> import bisect

>>> names = ['adam', 'bob', 'bob', 'bob', 'bobby', 'bobert', 'chris']

>>> names.sort()

>>> key = PrefixCompares('bob')

>>> leftIndex = bisect.bisect_left(names, key)

>>> rightIndex = bisect.bisect_right(names, key)

>>> print(names[leftIndex:rightIndex])

['adam', 'bob', 'bob', 'bob', 'bobby', 'bobert']

>>>

DOH.正确的平分工作,但左边显然没有. “adam”没有以“bob”为前缀！要修复它,你也必须调整顺序.

>>> class HasPrefix(object):

... def __init__(self, value):

... self.value = value

... def __lt__(self, other):

... return self.value[0:len(other.value)] < other.value

...

>>> class Prefix(object):

... def __init__(self, value):

... self.value = value

... def __lt__(self, other):

... return self.value < other.value[0:len(self.value)]

...

>>> class AdaptPrefix(object):

... def __init__(self, seq):

... self.seq = seq

... def __getitem__(self, key):

... return HasPrefix(self.seq[key])

... def __len__(self):

... return len(self.seq)

...

>>> import bisect

>>> names = ['adam', 'bob', 'bob', 'bob', 'bobby', 'bobert', 'chris']

>>> names.sort()

>>> needle = Prefix('bob')

>>> haystack = AdaptPrefix(names)

>>> leftIndex = bisect.bisect_left(haystack, needle)

>>> rightIndex = bisect.bisect_right(haystack, needle)

>>> print(names[leftIndex:rightIndex])

['bob', 'bob', 'bob', 'bobby', 'bobert']

>>>

标签：python,arrays,search