python process pool_Python multiprocess pool模块报错pickling error问题解决方法分析

本文实例讲述了Python multiprocess pool模块报错pickling error问题解决方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

问题

之前在调用class内的函数用multiprocessing模块的pool函数进行多线程处理的时候报了以下下错误信息:

PicklingError: Can't pickle : attribute lookup __builtin__.function failed

查了下官方文档发现python默认只能pickle以下的类型:

None, True, and False

integers, floating point numbers, complex numbers

strings, bytes, bytearrays

tuples, lists, sets, and dictionaries containing only picklable objects

functions defined at the top level of a module (using def, not lambda)

built-in functions defined at the top level of a module

classes that are defined at the top level of a module

instances of such classes whose dict or the result of calling getstate() is picklable (see section -

Pickling Class Instances for details).

函数只能pickle在顶层定义的函数，很明显的class内的函数无法被pickle因此会报错。

import multiprocessing

def work(): # top-level 函数

print "work!"

class Foo():

def work(self): # 非top-level函数

print "work"

pool1 = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=4)

foo = Foo()

pool1.apply_async(foo.work)

pool1.close()

pool1.join()

# 此时报错

pool2 = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=4)

pool2.apply_async(work)

pool2.close()

pool2.join()

# 此时工作正常

解决方案

调用pathos包下的multiprocessing模块代替原生的multiprocessing。pathos中multiprocessing是用dill包改写过的，dill包可以将几乎所有python的类型都serialize，因此都可以被pickle。或者也可以自己用dill写一个(有点重复造轮子之嫌啊)

参考

1. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8804830/python-multiprocessing-picklingerror-cant-pickle-type-function

2. https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html#what-can-be-pickled-and-unpickled

3. https://github.com/uqfoundation/pathos

更多关于Python相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题：《Python进程与线程操作技巧总结》、《Python数据结构与算法教程》、《Python函数使用技巧总结》、《Python字符串操作技巧汇总》、《Python入门与进阶经典教程》、《Python+MySQL数据库程序设计入门教程》及《Python常见数据库操作技巧汇总》

希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。

本文标题: Python multiprocess pool模块报错pickling error问题解决方法分析

本文地址: http://www.cppcns.com/jiaoben/python/254727.html