linux netstat -an 详解,Linux netstat命令详解

OUTPUT

Active Internet connections (TCP, UDP, raw)

Proto

The protocol (tcp, udp, raw) used by the socket.

Recv-Q

The count of bytes not copied by the user program connected to this socket.

Send-Q

The count of bytes not acknowledged by the remote host.

Local Address

Address and port number of the local end of the socket.  Unless the --numeric (-n) option is specified,  the

socket  address  is  resolved  to its canonical host name (FQDN), and the port number is translated into the

corresponding service name.

Foreign Address

Address and port number of the remote end of the socket.  Analogous to "Local Address."

State

The state of the socket. Since there are no states in raw mode and usually no states used in UDP, this  column may be left blank. Normally this can be one of several values:

ESTABLISHED

The socket has an established connection.

SYN_SENT

The socket is actively attempting to establish a connection.

SYN_RECV

A connection request has been received from the network.

FIN_WAIT1

The socket is closed, and the connection is shutting down.

FIN_WAIT2

Connection is closed, and the socket is waiting for a shutdown from the remote end.

TIME_WAIT

The socket is waiting after close to handle packets still in the network.

CLOSED The socket is not being used.

CLOSE_WAIT

The remote end has shut down, waiting for the socket to close.

LAST_ACK

The remote end has shut down, and the socket is closed. Waiting for acknowledgement.

LISTEN The socket is listening for incoming connections.  Such sockets are not included in the output unless

you specify the --listening (-l) or --all (-a) option.

CLOSING

Both sockets are shut down but we still don’t have all our data sent.

UNKNOWN

The state of the socket is unknown.

User

The username or the user id (UID) of the owner of the socket.

PID/Program name

Slash-separated pair of the process id (PID) and process name of the process that owns the  socket.   --pro-

gram  causes this column to be included.  You will also need superuser privileges to see this information on

sockets you don’t own.  This identification information is not yet available for IPX sockets.

Timer

(this needs to be written)

Active UNIX domain Sockets

Proto

The protocol (usually unix) used by the socket.

RefCnt

The reference count (i.e. attached processes via this socket).

Flags

The flags displayed is SO_ACCEPTON (displayed as ACC), SO_WAITDATA (W) or SO_NOSPACE (N).   SO_ACCECPTON  is

used  on  unconnected  sockets if their corresponding processes are waiting for a connect request. The other

flags are not of normal interest.

Type

There are several types of socket access:

SOCK_DGRAM

The socket is used in Datagram (connectionless) mode.

SOCK_STREAM

This is a stream (connection) socket.

SOCK_RAW

The socket is used as a raw socket.

SOCK_RDM

This one serves reliably-delivered messages.

SOCK_SEQPACKET

This is a sequential packet socket.

SOCK_PACKET

Raw interface access socket.

UNKNOWN

Who ever knows what the future will bring us - just fill in here :-)

State

This field will contain one of the following Keywords:

FREE   The socket is not allocated

LISTENING

The socket is listening for a connection request.  Such sockets are only included in  the  output  if

you specify the --listening (-l) or --all (-a) option.

CONNECTING

The socket is about to establish a connection.

CONNECTED

The socket is connected.

DISCONNECTING

The socket is disconnecting.

(empty)

The socket is not connected to another one.

UNKNOWN

This state should never happen.

PID/Program name

Process  ID  (PID)  and process name of the process that has the socket open.  More info available in Active

Internet connections section written above.

Path

This is the path name as which the corresponding processes attached to the socket.

Active IPX sockets

(this needs to be done by somebody who knows it)

Active NET/ROM sockets

(this needs to be done by somebody who knows it)

Active AX.25 sockets

(this needs to be done by somebody who knows it)

NOTES

Starting with Linux release 2.2 netstat -i does not show interface statistics for alias interfaces.  To  get

per alias interface counters you need to setup explicit rules using the ipchains(8) command.

FILES

/etc/services -- The services translation file

/proc  --  Mount point for the proc filesystem, which gives access to kernel status information via the fol-

lowing files.

/proc/net/dev -- device information

/proc/net/raw -- raw socket information

/proc/net/tcp -- TCP socket information

/proc/net/udp -- UDP socket information

/proc/net/igmp -- IGMP multicast information

/proc/net/unix -- Unix domain socket information

/proc/net/ipx -- IPX socket information

/proc/net/ax25 -- AX25 socket information

/proc/net/appletalk -- DDP (appletalk) socket information

/proc/net/nr -- NET/ROM socket information

/proc/net/route -- IP routing information

/proc/net/ax25_route -- AX25 routing information

/proc/net/ipx_route -- IPX routing information

/proc/net/nr_nodes -- NET/ROM nodelist

/proc/net/nr_neigh -- NET/ROM neighbours

/proc/net/ip_masquerade -- masqueraded connections

/proc/net/snmp -- statistics

SEE ALSO

route(8), ifconfig(8), ipchains(8), iptables(8), proc(5)

BUGS

Occasionally strange information may appear if a socket changes as it is viewed. This is unlikely to  occur.

If  the  sctp  module is not added to the kernel, running netstat with the -A inet or -A inet6 option abnor-

mally terminates with the following message:

netstat: no support for ‘AF INET (sctp)’ on this system.

To avoid this, install the sctp kernel module.

总结常用选项

#netstat -tupln

t:tcp

u:udp

p:PID

l:listening

n:显示数字而不是主机、端口、用户名