python web自动化测试 设计报告_python+selenium之测试报告自动化测试实例

自动化测试综合实战

项目背景

功能实现

自动运行用例

自动生成测试报告

自动断言与截图

自动将最新测试报告发送到指定邮箱

PageObject+Unittest

项目架构

浏览器driver定义

from selenium import webdriver

#启动浏览器驱动

def browser():

driver = webdriver.Firefox()

# driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# driver = webdriver.Ie()

# driver=webdriver.PhantomJS()

# driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")

return driver

#调试运行

if __name__ == '__main__':

browser()

用例运行前后的环境准备工作

import unittest

from driver import *

class StartEnd(unittest.TestCase):

def setUp(self):

self.driver=browser()

self.driver.implicitly_wait(10)

self.driver.maximize_window()

def tearDown(self):

self.driver.quit()

工具方法模块(截图，查找最新报告、邮件发送)

from  selenium import webdriver

import os

import smtplib

from email.mime.text import MIMEText

from email.header import Header

#截图方法

def inser_img(driver,filename):

#获取当前模块所在路径

func_path=os.path.dirname(__file__)

# print("func_path is %s" %func_path)

#获取test_case目录

base_dir=os.path.dirname(func_path)

# print("base_dir is %s" %base_dir)

#将路径转化为字符串

base_dir=str(base_dir)

#对路径的字符串进行替换

base_dir=base_dir.replace('\\','/')

# print(base_dir)

#获取项目文件的根目录路径

base=base_dir.split('/Website')[0]

# print(base)

#指定截图存放路径

filepath=base+'/Website/test_report/screenshot/'+filename

# print(filepath)

driver.get_screenshot_as_file(filepath)

#查找最新的测试报告

def latest_report(report_dir):

lists = os.listdir(report_dir)

# print(lists)

lists.sort(key=lambda fn: os.path.getatime(report_dir + '\\' + fn))

# print("the latest report is " + lists[-1])

file = os.path.join(report_dir, lists[-1])

# print(file)

return file

#将测试报告发送到邮件

def send_mail(latest_report):

f=open(latest_report,'rb')

mail_content=f.read()

f.close()

smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'

user = 'yuexiaolu2015@163.com'

password = '...'

sender = 'yuexiaolu2015@163.com'

receives = ['yuexiaolu2015@126.com', 'yuexiaolu2015@sina.com']

subject = 'Web Selenium 自动化测试报告'

msg = MIMEText(mail_content, 'html', 'utf-8')

msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')

msg['From'] = sender

msg['To'] = ','.join(receives)

smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtpserver, 465)

smtp.helo(smtpserver)

smtp.ehlo(smtpserver)

smtp.login(user, password)

print("Start send email...")

smtp.sendmail(sender, receives, msg.as_string())

smtp.quit()

print("Send email end!")

if __name__ == '__main__':

driver=webdriver.Firefox()

driver.get("http://www.sogou.com")

inser_img(driver,"sogou.png")

driver.quit()

Pageobject页面对象封装

fromtimeimportsleep

class Page():

def __init__(self,driver):

self.driver=driver

self.base_url="http://localhost"

self.timeout=20

def _open(self,url):

url_=self.base_url+url

print('Test page is:%s'%url_)

self.driver.maximize_window()

self.driver.get(url_)

sleep(2)

assertself.driver.current_url == url_,'Did ont land on %s'% url_

def open(self):

self._open(self.url)

def find_element(self,*loc):

returnself.driver.find_element(*loc)

fromPageBaseimport*

fromseleniumimportwebdriver

fromselenium.webdriver.common.byimportBy

class LoginPage(Page):

'''新闻登录页面'''

url ='/news/'

#定位器——对相关元素进行定位

username_loc = (By.NAME,'username')

password_loc = (By.NAME,'password')

submit_loc = (By.NAME,'Submit')

def type_username(self, username):

self.find_element(*self.username_loc).clear()

self.find_element(*self.username_loc).send_keys(username)

def type_password(self, password):

self.find_element(*self.password_loc).clear()

self.find_element(*self.password_loc).send_keys(password)

def type_submit(self):

self.find_element(*self.submit_loc).click()

def Login_action(self,username,password):

self.open()

self.type_username(username)

self.type_password(password)

self.type_submit()

LoginPass_loc = (By.LINK_TEXT,'我的空间')

loginFail_loc = (By.NAME,'username')

def type_loginPass_hint(self):

returnself.find_element(*self.LoginPass_loc).text

def type_loginFail_hint(self):

returnself.find_element(*self.loginFail_loc).text

test_login.py ——unittest组织测试用例

用户名密码正确点击登录

用户名正确，密码错误点击登录

用户名和密码为空点击登录

import unittest

from model import function,myunit

from page_object.LoginPage import *

from time import sleep

class LoginTest(myunit.StartEnd):

# @unittest.skip('skip this case')

def test_login1_normal(self):

'''username password is normal'''

print("test_login1_normal is start run...")

po=LoginPage(self.driver)

po.Login_action('51zxw',123456)

sleep(3)

#断言与截屏

self.assertEqual(po.type_loginPass_hint(),'我的空间')

function.insert_img(self.driver,"51zxw_login1_normal.jpg")

print("test_login1_normal is test end!")

def test_login2_PasswdError(self):

'''username is ok,passwd is error!'''

print("test_login2_PasswdError is start run...")

po=LoginPage(self.driver)

po.Login_action("51zxw",12342)

sleep(2)

self.assertEqual(po.type_loginFail_hint(),'')

function.insert_img(self.driver,"51zxw_login2_fail.jpg")

print("test_login2_PasswdError is test end!")

#

# @unittest.skip

def test_login3_empty(self):

'''username password is empty'''

print("test_login3_empty is start run...")

po=LoginPage(self.driver)

po.Login_action('','')

sleep(2)

#断言与截屏

self.assertEqual(po.type_loginFail_hint(),'')

function.insert_img(self.driver,"51zxw_login3_empty.jpg")

print("test_login3_empty is test end!")

if __name__ == '__main__':

unittest.main()

run_test.py——执行测试用例

import unittest

from  function import *

from BSTestRunner import BSTestRunner

import time

report_dir = './test_report'

test_dir = './test_case'

print("start run testcase...")

discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(test_dir, pattern="test_login.py")

now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S")

report_name = report_dir + '/' + now + 'result.html'

print("start write report...")

#运行前记得把BSTestRunner.py 120行‘unicode’换成‘str’

with open(report_name, 'wb') as f:

runner = BSTestRunner(stream=f, title="Test Report", description="localhost login test")

runner.run(discover)

f.close()

print("find latest report...")

#查找最新的测试报告

latest_report = latest_report(report_dir)

#邮件发送报告

print("send email report...")

send_mail(latest_report)

print("test end!")

浏览器内核

Webkit：目前最主流的浏览器内核，webkit是苹果公司开源的浏览器内核，其前身是KHTML。基于Webkit的浏览器很多，比如Safari，Chrome，Opera

Gecko：是Firefox浏览器的内核

Trident：是IE浏览器的内核

Blink：是webkit的一个分支版本，由google开发

无头浏览器

无头浏览器即headless browser，是一种没有界面的浏览器。既然是浏览器那么浏览器该有的东西它都应该有，只是看不到界面而已。

PhantomJS

PhantomJS is a headless WebKit scriptable with a JavaScript API. It has fast and native support for various web standards: DOM handling, CSS selector, JSON, Canvas, and SVG.

PhantomJS可以说是目前使用最为广泛，也是最被认可的无头浏览器。由于采用的是Webkit内核，因此其和目前的Safari，Chrome等浏览器兼容性十分好。

为什么要使用PhantomJS？

PhantomJS 是一个无界面, 基于Webkit 的javascript 引擎. 一般来说我们的自动化脚本是须要运行在服务器上的, 往往这个时候系统并没有图形界面(如liunx服务器), 或者配置太低跑个浏览器实在是浪费. 而不需要图形界面的 PhantomJS 可谓是我们的不二之选.

PhantomJS安装配置

下载完成后将phantomjs.exe文件放置Python安装目录即可。

运行使用

driver=webdriver.PhantomJS()

参考文档