笨方法python3_“笨方法”学Python3，习题 15 。

笨方法”学Python3，习题 15：读取文件

1、 如何用Python读取文件？

一、基础代码

1、 写脚本ex15.py

2、 创建文本txtx.txt（书上是ex15_sample.txt）

3、 执行代码，在终端输入：

所写的代码：
from sys import argv
 
script, filename = argv
 
txt = open(filename) 
 
print(f"Here's your file {filename}:")
print(txt.read())
 
print("Type the filename again:")
file_again = input("> ")
 
txt_again = open(file_again)
 
print(txt_again.read())
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
应该看到的结果：
PS D:代码> & D:/软件/python/python.exe d:/代码/ex15.py txtx.txt
Here's your file txtx.txt:
This is stuff I typed into a file.
It is really cool stuff.
Lots and lots of fun to have in here.
Type the filename again:
> txtx.txt
This is stuff I typed into a file.
It is really cool stuff.
Lots and lots of fun to have in here.

---

二、巩固练习

1、添加注释

2、内置函数（open、read、write、close）

file = open("文件名","访问方式") # open打开文件并返回文件对象，文件不存在则抛出异常
file.read() # 读操作
file.write() # 写操作
file.close() # 负责关闭文件

5、用input写脚本。个人认为argv更好，两者的区别是用户输入的时机不同。如果参数是在用户执行命令时就要输入，那就是 argv ；如果是在脚本运行过程中需要用户输入，那就使用input。

所写的代码：
filename = input("filename?")

txt = open(filename) 

print(f"Here's your file {filename}:")
print(txt.read())

print("Type the filename again:")
file_again = input("> ")

txt_again = open(file_again)

print(txt_again.read())
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
应该看到的结果：
PS D:代码> & D:/软件/python/python.exe d:/代码/ps.py
filename?txtx.txt
Here's your file txtx.txt:
This is stuff I typed into a file.
It is really cool stuff.
Lots and lots of fun to have in here.
Type the filename again:
> txtx.txt
This is stuff I typed into a file.
It is really cool stuff.
Lots and lots of fun to have in here.

7、调用close函数

from sys import argv # 从sys库中调用argv

script, filename = argv # 定义变量

txt = open(filename)  # 打开filename变量对应的文件并赋值给变量txt

print(f"Here's your file {filename}:")
print(txt.read()) # 读取txt的内容并打印
txt.close()

print("Type the filename again:")
file_again = input("> ") # 执行input函数，将输入内容赋值给变量file_again

txt_again = open(file_again) # 打开，赋值

print(txt_again.read()) # 读取，打印
txt_again.close()

---

总结：

1、可以将文件的内容通过函数赋值给变量，再针对变量进行操作，实现打印文件

2、open可以打开文件，read读取文件，write写文件，close关闭文件

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