oracle ora 00059,ORA-00059: maximum number of DB_FILES exceeded 情况分析及实验处理

ORA-00059: maximum number of DB_FILES exceeded 处理

情况一：db_files 参数值 200没有超过控制文件里 maxdatafiles 对应 的大小，则可以通过直接加大参数db_files 值来防止此错误出现，以便正确加入数据文件。

清空二：如果 db_files 已经设置和超过控制文件里 maxdatafiles 对应 的大小， 报错ORA-00059, 则只有修改控制文件中的值了，所以需要重新生成控制文件。

具体步骤如下：使用 alter database backup controlfile to trace , 到你的udump 目录下找到这个刚刚生成的trc文件，去掉其中的解释部分，保留Create controlfile 部分，编辑此文件，增加MAXDATAFILES 的值，然后关闭数据库shutdown immediate , 全备份一次数据库， 将现有的控制文件备份到其他地方， 然后从控制文件目录删除，假设将编辑好的trc文件命名为rebuild_control.sql; 那么我们现在可以执行重新建立控制文件了。 注意修改的trc 文件开头都会有 STARTUP NOMOUNT 。

--查询控制文件数据文件等

SQL> select name from v$controlfile

union all

select member from v$logfile

union all

select name from v$datafile

union all

select name from v$tempfile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/control01.ctl

/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DBdb/control02.ctl

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo03.log

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo02.log

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo01.log

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/system01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/sysaux01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/undotbs01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/users01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/example01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/temp01.dbf

11 rows selected.

SQL> show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

cell_offloadgroup_name               string

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string      DBdb

db_unique_name                       string      DBdb

global_names                         boolean     FALSE

instance_name                        string      DBdb

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

processor_group_name                 string

service_names                        string      service1,service2,service3

--查询db_files参数值

SQL> show parameter db_file

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_file_multiblock_read_count        integer     69

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_files                             integer     200

SQL>

--查询数据文件个数：这里为5，此次试验是假定为200，且达到了db_files的限制值

SQL> select count(1) from dba_data_files;

COUNT(1)

----------

5

--备份控制文件到trace

SQL> Alter database backup controlfile to trace;

Database altered.

--备份spfile:

SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile                               string      /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

/db_1/dbs/spfileDBdb.ora

SQL>

SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/init_dbdb.ora' from spfile;

File created.

SQL>

--备份控制文件到/home/oracle下

[oracle@wang ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/dbdb/DBdb/trace/DBdb_ora_8521.trc |grep -v ^#|grep -v ^-- >/home/oracle/control.bak

[oracle@wang ~]$ ls -lrt control.bak

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 4188 Apr 24 15:10 control.bak

[oracle@wang ~]$

--如下为备份的控制文件原文：发现MAXDATAFILES的值为200(默认值)

[oracle@wang ~]$

[oracle@wang ~]$ vi control_raw.ora

*** 2018-04-24 16:07:55.255

-- The following are current System-scope REDO Log Archival related

-- parameters and can be included in the database initialization file.

--

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST=''

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST=''

--

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.dbf

--

-- DB_UNIQUE_NAME="DBdb"

--

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='SEND, RECEIVE, NODG_CONFIG'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=4

-- STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL

-- STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=?/dbs/arch

-- FAL_CLIENT=''

-- FAL_SERVER=''

--

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='MANDATORY NOREOPEN NODELAY'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='ARCH NOAFFIRM EXPEDITE NOVERIFY SYNC'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOREGISTER NOALTERNATE NODEPENDENCY'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='NOMAX_FAILURE NOQUOTA_SIZE NOQUOTA_USED NODB_UNIQUE_NAME'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='VALID_FOR=(PRIMARY_ROLE,ONLINE_LOGFILES)'

-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

--

-- Below are two sets of SQL statements, each of which creates a new

-- control file and uses it to open the database. The first set opens

-- the database with the NORESETLOGS option and should be used only if

-- the current versions of all online logs are available. The second

-- set opens the database with the RESETLOGS option and should be used

-- if online logs are unavailable.

-- The appropriate set of statements can be copied from the trace into

-- a script file, edited as necessary, and executed when there is a

-- need to re-create the control file.

--

--     Set #1. NORESETLOGS case

--

-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it

-- to open the database.

-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.

-- Additional logs may be required for media recovery of offline

-- Use this only if the current versions of all online logs are

-- available.

-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL

-- statement will place the database in the appropriate

-- protection mode:

--  ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE

STARTUP NOMOUNT

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "DBDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 200

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 1752

LOGFILE

GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/system01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/users01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/example01.dbf'

CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK

;

-- Commands to re-create incarnation table

-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on

-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to

-- re-create incarnation records.

-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DBDB/newback/DBDB/archivelog/2018_04_24/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';

-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,

-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.

RECOVER DATABASE

-- All logs need archiving and a log switch is needed.

ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;

-- Database can now be opened normally.

ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.

-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.

-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.

ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/temp01.dbf'

SIZE 187695104  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;

-- End of tempfile additions.

--

--     Set #2. RESETLOGS case

--

-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it

-- to open the database.

-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.

-- The contents of online logs will be lost and all backups will

-- be invalidated. Use this only if online logs are damaged.

-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL

-- statement will place the database in the appropriate

-- protection mode:

--  ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE

STARTUP NOMOUNT

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "DBDB" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 200

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 1752

LOGFILE

GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/system01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/users01.dbf',

n '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/example01.dbf'

CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK

;

-- Commands to re-create incarnation table

-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on

-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to

-- re-create incarnation records.

-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DBDB/newback/DBDB/archivelog/2018_04_24/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';

-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,

-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.

RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE

-- Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.

ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;

-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.

-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.

-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.

ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/temp01.dbf'

SIZE 187695104  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;

-- End of tempfile additions.

--

[oracle@wang ~]$

--更改controlfile中的的MAXDATAFILES值并更名为rebuild_control.sql

[oracle@wang ~]$ mv control.bak rebuild_control.sql

[oracle@wang ~]$ ls -lrt rebuild_control.sql

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1817 Apr 24 15:16 rebuild_control.sql

[oracle@wang ~]$

[oracle@wang ~]$

[oracle@wang ~]$ cat rebuild_control.sql

STARTUP NOMOUNT

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "DBDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 2100

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 1672

LOGFILE

GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512

DATAFILE

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/system01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/users01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/example01.dbf'

CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK

;

RECOVER DATABASE

ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;

ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/temp01.dbf'

SIZE 187695104  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M;

[oracle@wang ~]$

[oracle@wang ~]$

--关库：

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL>

--备份整改数据库

--移除原先的控制文件：

[oracle@wang DBdb]$ mv /u01/app/oracle/oradata/DBdb/control01.ctl /home/oracle/control01.ctl

[oracle@wang DBdb]$ mv /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DBdb/control02.ctl /home/oracle/control02.ctl

[oracle@wang DBdb]$

--执行重建控制文件脚本：

SQL> @/home/oracle/rebuild_control.sql

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  835104768 bytes

Fixed Size                  2257840 bytes

Variable Size             549456976 bytes

Database Buffers          281018368 bytes

Redo Buffers                2371584 bytes

Control file created.

ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors

ORA-00264: no recovery required

System altered.

Database altered.

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select host_name,instance_name,status from v$instance;

HOST_NAME       INSTANCE_NAME    STATUS

--------------- ---------------- ------------

wang            DBdb             OPEN