几年前,看到过有个牛人用HTML5绘制了浪漫的爱心表白动画。地址在这:浪漫程序员 HTML5爱心表白动画。发现原来程序员也是可以很浪……漫…..的(PS:刚过520,被妹子骂不够浪漫)。那么在Android怎么打造如此这个效果呢?参考了一下前面HTML5的算法,在Android中实现了类似的效果。
生成心形线
心形线的表达式可以参考:桃心线。里面对桃心线的表达式解析的挺好。可以通过使用极坐标的方式,传入角度和距离(常量)计算出对应的坐标点。其中距离是常量值,不需改变,变化的是角度。
桃心线极坐标方程式为:x=16×sin 3 α
y=13×cosα−5×cos2α−2×cos3α−cos4α
如果生成的桃心线不够大,可以吧x、y乘以一个常数,使之变大。考虑到大部分人都不愿去研究具体的数学问题,我们直接把前面HTML5的JS代码直接翻译成Java代码就好。代码如下:public Point getHeartPoint(float angle) { float t = (float) (angle / Math.PI); float x = (float) (19.5 * (16 * Math.pow(Math.sin(t), 3))); float y = (float) (-20 * (13 * Math.cos(t) - 5 * Math.cos(2 * t) - 2 * Math.cos(3 * t) - Math.cos(4 * t)));
return new Point(offsetX + (int) x, offsetY + (int) y);
}
其中offsetX和offsetY是偏移量。使用偏移量主要是为了能让心形线处于中央。offsetX和offsetY的值分别为:offsetX = width / 2;
offsetY = height / 2 - 55;
通过这个函数,我们可以将角度从(0,180)变化,不断取点并画点将这个心形线显示出来。好了,我们自定义一个View,然后把这个心形线画出来吧!@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { float angle = 10; while (angle
Point p = getHeartPoint(angle);
canvas.drawPoint(p.x, p.y, paint);
angle = angle + 0.02f;
}
}
绘制花瓣原理
我们想要的并不是简单绘制一个桃心线,要的是将花朵在桃心线上摆放。首先,得要知道怎么绘制花朵,而花朵是由一个个花瓣组成。因此绘制花朵的核心是绘制花瓣。绘制花瓣的原理是:3次贝塞尔曲线。三次贝塞尔曲线是由两个端点和两个控制点决定。假设花芯是一个圆,有n个花瓣,那么两个端点与花芯的圆心连线之间的夹角即为360/n。因此可以根据花瓣数量和花芯半径确定每个花瓣的位置。将两个端点与花芯的圆心连线的延长线分别确定另外两个控制点。通过随机生成花芯半径、每个花瓣的起始角以及随机确定延长线得到两个控制点,可以绘制一个随机的花朵。
将花朵绘制到桃心线上
一大波代码来袭
首先定义花瓣类Petal:package com.hc.testheart;import android.graphics.Canvas;import android.graphics.Paint;import android.graphics.Path;/**
* Package com.example.administrator.testrecyclerview
* Created by HuaChao on 2016/5/25.
*/public class Petal {
private float stretchA;//第一个控制点延长线倍数
private float stretchB;//第二个控制点延长线倍数
private float startAngle;//起始旋转角,用于确定第一个端点
private float angle;//两条线之间夹角,由起始旋转角和夹角可以确定第二个端点
private int radius = 2;//花芯的半径
private float growFactor;//增长因子,花瓣是有开放的动画效果,这个参数决定花瓣展开速度
private int color;//花瓣颜色
private boolean isFinished = false;//花瓣是否绽放完成
private Path path = new Path();//用于保存三次贝塞尔曲线
private Paint paint = new Paint();//画笔
//构造函数,由花朵类调用
public Petal(float stretchA, float stretchB, float startAngle, float angle, int color, float growFactor) { this.stretchA = stretchA; this.stretchB = stretchB; this.startAngle = startAngle; this.angle = angle; this.color = color; this.growFactor = growFactor;
paint.setColor(color);
} //用于渲染花瓣,通过不断更改半径使得花瓣越来越大
public void render(Point p, int radius, Canvas canvas) { if (this.radius <= radius) { this.radius += growFactor; // / 10;
} else {
isFinished = true;
} this.draw(p, canvas);
} //绘制花瓣,参数p是花芯的圆心的坐标
private void draw(Point p, Canvas canvas) { if (!isFinished) {
path = new Path(); //将向量(0,radius)旋转起始角度,第一个控制点根据这个旋转后的向量计算
Point t = new Point(0, this.radius).rotate(MyUtil.degrad(this.startAngle)); //第一个端点,为了保证圆心不会随着radius增大而变大这里固定为3
Point v1 = new Point(0, 3).rotate(MyUtil.degrad(this.startAngle)); //第二个端点
Point v2 = t.clone().rotate(MyUtil.degrad(this.angle)); //延长线,分别确定两个控制点
Point v3 = t.clone().mult(this.stretchA);
Point v4 = v2.clone().mult(this.stretchB); //由于圆心在p点,因此,每个点要加圆心坐标点
v1.add(p);
v2.add(p);
v3.add(p);
v4.add(p);
path.moveTo(v1.x, v1.y); //参数分别是:第一个控制点,第二个控制点,终点
path.cubicTo(v3.x, v3.y, v4.x, v4.y, v2.x, v2.y);
}
canvas.drawPath(path, paint);
}
}
花瓣类是最重要的类,因为真正绘制在屏幕上的是一个个小花瓣。每个花朵包含一系列花瓣,花朵类Bloom如下:package com.hc.testheart;import android.graphics.Canvas;import java.util.ArrayList;/**
* Package com.example.administrator.testrecyclerview
* Created by HuaChao on 2016/5/25.
*/public class Bloom {
private int color;//整个花朵的颜色
private Point point;//花芯圆心
private int radius; //花芯半径
private ArrayList petals;//用于保存花瓣
public Point getPoint() { return point;
} public Bloom(Point point, int radius, int color, int petalCount) { this.point = point; this.radius = radius; this.color = color;
petals = new ArrayList<>(petalCount); float angle = 360f / petalCount; int startAngle = MyUtil.randomInt(0, 90); for (int i = 0; i
float stretchA = MyUtil.random(Garden.Options.minPetalStretch, Garden.Options.maxPetalStretch); //随机产生第二个控制地的拉伸倍数
float stretchB = MyUtil.random(Garden.Options.minPetalStretch, Garden.Options.maxPetalStretch); //计算每个花瓣的起始角度
int beginAngle = startAngle + (int) (i * angle); //随机产生每个花瓣的增长因子(即绽放速度)
float growFactor = MyUtil.random(Garden.Options.minGrowFactor, Garden.Options.maxGrowFactor); //创建一个花瓣,并添加到花瓣列表中
this.petals.add(new Petal(stretchA, stretchB, beginAngle, angle, color, growFactor));
}
} //绘制花朵
public void draw(Canvas canvas) {
Petal p; for (int i = 0; i
p = petals.get(i); //渲染每朵花朵
p.render(point, this.radius, canvas);
}
} public int getColor() { return color;
}
}
接下来是花园类Garden,主要用于创建花朵以及一些相关配置:package com.hc.testheart;import java.util.ArrayList;/**
* Package com.example.administrator.testrecyclerview
* Created by HuaChao on 2016/5/24.
*/public class Garden {
//创建一个随机的花朵
public Bloom createRandomBloom(int x, int y) { //创建一个随机的花朵半径
int radius = MyUtil.randomInt(Options.minBloomRadius, Options.maxBloomRadius); //创建一个随机的花朵颜色
int color = MyUtil.randomrgba(Options.minRedColor, Options.maxRedColor, Options.minGreenColor, Options.maxGreenColor, Options.minBlueColor, Options.maxBlueColor, Options.opacity); //创建随机的花朵中花瓣个数
int petalCount = MyUtil.randomInt(Options.minPetalCount, Options.maxPetalCount); return createBloom(x, y, radius, color, petalCount);
} //创建花朵
public Bloom createBloom(int x, int y, int radius, int color, int petalCount) { return new Bloom(new Point(x, y), radius, color, petalCount);
} static class Options { //用于控制产生随机花瓣个数范围
public static int minPetalCount = 8; public static int maxPetalCount = 15; //用于控制产生延长线倍数范围
public static float minPetalStretch = 2f; public static float maxPetalStretch = 3.5f; //用于控制产生随机增长因子范围,增长因子决定花瓣绽放速度
public static float minGrowFactor = 1f; public static float maxGrowFactor = 1.1f; //用于控制产生花朵半径随机数范围
public static int minBloomRadius = 8; public static int maxBloomRadius = 10; //用于产生随机颜色
public static int minRedColor = 128; public static int maxRedColor = 255; public static int minGreenColor = 0; public static int maxGreenColor = 128; public static int minBlueColor = 0; public static int maxBlueColor = 128; //花瓣的透明度
public static int opacity = 50;//0.1
}
}
考虑到刷新的比较频繁,选择使用SurfaceView作为显示视图。自定义一个HeartView继承SurfaceView。代码如下:package com.hc.testheart;import android.content.Context;import android.graphics.Bitmap;import android.graphics.Canvas;import android.graphics.Color;import android.graphics.Paint;import android.util.AttributeSet;import android.view.SurfaceHolder;import android.view.SurfaceView;import java.util.ArrayList;/**
* Package com.hc.testheart
* Created by HuaChao on 2016/5/25.
*/public class HeartView extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {
SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder; int offsetX; int offsetY; private Garden garden; private int width; private int height; private Paint backgroundPaint; private boolean isDrawing = false; private Bitmap bm; private Canvas canvas; private int heartRadio = 1; public HeartView(Context context) { super(context);
init();
} public HeartView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs);
init();
} private void init() {
surfaceHolder = getHolder();
surfaceHolder.addCallback(this);
garden = new Garden();
backgroundPaint = new Paint();
backgroundPaint.setColor(Color.rgb(0xff, 0xff, 0xe0));
}
ArrayList blooms = new ArrayList<>(); public Point getHeartPoint(float angle) { float t = (float) (angle / Math.PI); float x = (float) (heartRadio * (16 * Math.pow(Math.sin(t), 3))); float y = (float) (-heartRadio * (13 * Math.cos(t) - 5 * Math.cos(2 * t) - 2 * Math.cos(3 * t) - Math.cos(4 * t))); return new Point(offsetX + (int) x, offsetY + (int) y);
} //绘制列表里所有的花朵
private void drawHeart() {
canvas.drawRect(0, 0, width, height, backgroundPaint); for (Bloom b : blooms) {
b.draw(canvas);
}
Canvas c = surfaceHolder.lockCanvas();
c.drawBitmap(bm, 0, 0, null);
surfaceHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(c);
} public void reDraw() {
blooms.clear();
drawOnNewThread();
} @Override
public void draw(Canvas canvas) { super.draw(canvas);
} //开启一个新线程绘制
private void drawOnNewThread() { new Thread() { @Override
public void run() { if (isDrawing) return;
isDrawing = true; float angle = 10; while (true) {
Bloom bloom = getBloom(angle); if (bloom != null) {
blooms.add(bloom);
} if (angle >= 30) { break;
} else {
angle += 0.2;
}
drawHeart(); try {
sleep(20);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
isDrawing = false;
}
}.start();
} private Bloom getBloom(float angle) {
Point p = getHeartPoint(angle); boolean draw = true; /**循环比较新的坐标位置是否可以创建花朵,
* 为了防止花朵太密集
* */
for (int i = 0; i
Bloom b = blooms.get(i);
Point bp = b.getPoint(); float distance = (float) Math.sqrt(Math.pow(p.x - bp.x, 2) + Math.pow(p.y - bp.y, 2)); if (distance
draw = false; break;
}
} //如果位置间距满足要求,就在该位置创建花朵并将花朵放入列表
if (draw) {
Bloom bloom = garden.createRandomBloom(p.x, p.y); return bloom;
} return null;
} @Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
} @Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) { this.width = width; this.height = height; //我的手机宽度像素是1080,发现参数设置为30比较合适,这里根据不同的宽度动态调整参数
heartRadio = width * 30 / 1080;
offsetX = width / 2;
offsetY = height / 2 - 55;
bm = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.RGB_565);
canvas = new Canvas(bm);
drawOnNewThread();
} @Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
}
}
还有两个比较重要的工具类
Point.java保存点信息,或者说是向量信息。包含向量的基本运算。package com.hc.testheart;/**
* Package com.hc.testheart
* Created by HuaChao on 2016/5/25.
*/public class Point {
public int x; public int y; public Point(int x, int y) { this.x = x; this.y = y;
} //旋转
public Point rotate(float theta) { int x = this.x; int y = this.y; this.x = (int) (Math.cos(theta) * x - Math.sin(theta) * y); this.y = (int) (Math.sin(theta) * x + Math.cos(theta) * y); return this;
} //乘以一个常数
public Point mult(float f) { this.x *= f; this.y *= f; return this;
} //复制
public Point clone() { return new Point(this.x, this.y);
} //该点与圆心距离
public float length() { return (float) Math.sqrt(this.x * this.x + this.y * this.y);
} //向量相减
public Point subtract(Point p) { this.x -= p.x; this.y -= p.y; return this;
} //向量相加
public Point add(Point p) { this.x += p.x; this.y += p.y; return this;
} public Point set(int x, int y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; return this;
}
}
工具类MyUtil.java主要是产生随机数、颜色等package com.hc.testheart;import android.graphics.Color;/**
* Package com.example.administrator.testrecyclerview
* Created by HuaChao on 2016/5/25.
*/public class MyUtil {
public static float circle = (float) (2 * Math.PI); public static int rgba(int r, int g, int b, int a) { return Color.argb(a, r, g, b);
} public static int randomInt(int min, int max) { return (int) Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;
} public static float random(float min, float max) { return (float) (Math.random() * (max - min) + min);
} //产生随机的argb颜色
public static int randomrgba(int rmin, int rmax, int gmin, int gmax, int bmin, int bmax, int a) { int r = Math.round(random(rmin, rmax)); int g = Math.round(random(gmin, gmax)); int b = Math.round(random(bmin, bmax)); int limit = 5; if (Math.abs(r - g) <= limit && Math.abs(g - b) <= limit && Math.abs(b - r) <= limit) { return rgba(rmin, rmax, gmin, gmax);
} else { return rgba(r, g, b, a);
}
} //角度转弧度
public static float degrad(float angle) { return circle / 360 * angle;
}
}
好了,目前为止,就可以得到上面的效果了。