python try except exception_python try except返回异常的信息字符串代码实例

问题

try:

int("x")

except Exception as e:

'''异常的父类，可以捕获所有的异常'''

print(e)

# e变量是Exception类型的实例，支持__str__()方法，可以直接打印。

invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'x'

try:

int("x")

except Exception as e:

'''异常的父类，可以捕获所有的异常'''

print(e.args)

# e变量有个属性是.args，它是错误信息的元组

("invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'x'",)try: datetime(2017,2,30)except ValueError as e: print(e) day is out of range for monthtry: datetime(22017,2,30)except ValueError as e: print(e) year 22017 is out of rangetry: datetime(2017,22,30)except ValueError as e: print(e) month must be in 1..12e = Nonetry: datetime(2017,22,30)except ValueError as e: print(e) month must be in 1..12e

# e这个变量在异常过程结束后即被释放，再调用也无效

Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in NameError: name 'e' is not defined

errarg = None

try:

datetime(2017,22,30)

except ValueError as errarg:

print(errarg)

month must be in 1..12

errarg

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

NameError: name 'errarg' is not defined

try:

datetime(2017,22,30)

except ValueError as errarg:

print(errarg.args)

# ValueError.args 返回元组

('month must be in 1..12',)

message = None

try:

datetime(2017,22,30)

except ValueError as errarg:

print(errarg.args)

message = errarg.args

('month must be in 1..12',)

message

('month must be in 1..12',)

try:

datetime(2017,22,30)

except ValueError as errarg:

print(errarg.args)

message = errarg

('month must be in 1..12',)

message

ValueError('month must be in 1..12',)

str(message)

'month must be in 1..12'

分析异常信息，并根据异常信息的提示做出相应处理：

try:

y = 2017

m = 22

d = 30

datetime(y,m,d)

except ValueError as errarg:

print(errarg.args)

message = errarg

m = re.search(u"month", str(message))

if m:

dt = datetime(y,1,d)

('month must be in 1..12',)

dt

datetime.datetime(2017, 1, 30, 0, 0)

甚至可以再except中进行递归调用：

def validatedate(y, mo, d):

dt = None

try:

dt = datetime(y, mo, d)

except ValueError as e:

print(e.args)

print(str(y)+str(mo)+str(d))

message = e

ma = re.search(u"^(year)|(month)|(day)", str(message))

ymd = ma.groups()

if ymd[0]:

dt = validatedate(datetime.now().year, mo, d)

if ymd[1]:

dt = validatedate(y, datetime.now().month, d)

if ymd[2]:

dt = validatedate(y, mo, datetime.now().day)

finally:

return dt

validatedate(20199, 16, 33)

('year 20199 is out of range',)

('month must be in 1..12',)

('day is out of range for month',)

datetime.datetime(2018, 4, 20, 0, 0)

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