java httpservelet_Java的HttpServletRequest

1、HttpServletRequest

(1)获得请求行：

method:getMethod();POST/GET;

URI:getRequestURI();可以是网址可以是相对地址也可以是绝对地址；

URL：getRequestURL();只能是网址；

重要:WEB应用名称：getContextPath();应用于重定向；

url后面的字符串：只适用于get方式；post方式没有；getQueryString();

IP:可以获取IPv4或者是IPv6；getRemoteAddr();

login.jsp用户名：
密码：

鼓励企业家

packagecom.oracle.web;importjava.io.IOException;importjavax.servlet.ServletException;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class LineServlet extendsHttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");//获取请求方式

String method =request.getMethod();//获取请求资源

String URI =request.getRequestURI();

StringBuffer URL=request.getRequestURL();//获取WEB应用名称

String webname =request.getContextPath();//获取url后面的字符串(get方式)

String str =request.getQueryString();//获取客户端的请求ip

String IP =request.getRemoteAddr();

System.out.println("请求方式"+method);

System.out.println("URI"+URI);

System.out.println("URL"+URL);

System.out.println("WEB名称"+webname);

System.out.println("url后面的字符串"+str);

System.out.println("请求IP"+IP);

response.getWriter().write("hello world!");

}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

doGet(request, response);

}

}

(2)获得请求头：

重要:getHeader("referer");用于做防盗链

packagecom.oracle.web;importjava.io.IOException;importjavax.servlet.ServletException;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class ReferServlet extendsHttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");//获取请求头中的referer

String referer = request.getHeader("referer");if(referer !=null&&referer.startsWith("http://localhost")){

response.getWriter().write("hello world!");

}else{

response.getWriter().write("你好世界");

}

}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

doGet(request, response);

}

}

但是：

(3)获得请求体：

获得单个参数：getParameter("name");

获得多个参数：Map getParameterMap()；键值对

Insert title here用户名:
密码:
爱好:足球乒乓球篮球羽毛球

packagecom.oracle.web;importjava.io.IOException;importjava.util.Map;importjava.util.Map.Entry;importjava.util.Set;importjavax.servlet.ServletException;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class BodyServlet extendsHttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {//get方式解决中文乱码

String username = request.getParameter("username");

String password= request.getParameter("password");

System.out.println(username+"..."+password);//获取表单所有元素的值//hobby,{zq，ppq，lq，ymq}

Map map =request.getParameterMap();

response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

response.getWriter().write("hello world!");/*Set set = map.keySet();//hobby只有一个hobby

//增强for(变量类型：容器标识)

for (String s : set) {

String key = s;

String[] value = map.get(key);

for(String s1:value){

System.out.println(s+".."+s1);

}

}*/Set> set =map.entrySet();for(Entrys:set){for(String str:s.getValue()){

System.out.println(s.getKey()+"..."+str);

}

}

}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

doGet(request, response);

}

}

(4)中文乱码：

解决post提交方式的乱码：request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

解决get，post提交的方式的乱码：只能作用一个，用一个写一个；

parameter = new String(parameter.getbytes("iso8859-1"),"utf-8");

(5)request是一个域对象，作用范围：

一次请求中；访问时创建，响应结束时request销毁；

(6)请求转发：

getRequestDispatcher("/Servlet01")不用写项目名字；

requestDispathcer.forward(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response)；

packagecom.oracle.web01;importjava.io.IOException;importjavax.servlet.ServletException;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class Servlet01 extendsHttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

request.setAttribute("name", "西红猫");//请求转发

request.getRequestDispatcher("/Servlet02").forward(request, response);

response.getWriter().write("你好世界!");

}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

doGet(request, response);

}

}

packagecom.oracle.web01;importjava.io.IOException;importjavax.servlet.ServletException;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class Servlet02 extendsHttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

String name= (String)request.getAttribute("name");

response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

response.getWriter().write("hello world!"+name);

}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

doGet(request, response);

}

}

当改变时：

packagecom.oracle.web01;importjava.io.IOException;importjavax.servlet.ServletException;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class Servlet01 extendsHttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

request.setAttribute("name", "西红猫");//请求转发

/*request.getRequestDispatcher("/Servlet02").forward(request, response);*/response.getWriter().write("你好世界!");

}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throwsServletException, IOException {

doGet(request, response);

}

}

(7)重定向和请求转发区别：

重定向两次请求，转发一次请求；

重定向地址栏地址变化，转发地址不变；

重定向可以访问外部网站，转发只能访问内部资源

转发的性能要优于重定向；