python 3d绘图 范围_python - 尝试3D绘图概率密度函数多元正态分布 - SO中文参考 - www.soinside.com...

我的数据

hour Cost

20 58.00

20 336.00

20 34.50

20 106.50

20 118.00

...

11 198.36

11 276.00

11 40.00

11 308.00

11 140.00

11 72.00

11 116.50

11 290.00

11 266.00

11 66.00

11 100.00

11 79.00

11 106.00

11 160.00

我的代码：

import pandas as pd

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from matplotlib import cm

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

from scipy.stats import multivariate_normal

dataset=df[['hour','Cost']]

X = dataset.hour.values

Y = dataset.Cost.values

X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)

N = len(X)

def estimateGaussian(dataset):

mu = np.mean(dataset, axis=0)

sigma = np.cov(dataset.T)

return mu, sigma

mu, Sigma = estimateGaussian(dataset)

pos = np.empty(X.shape + (2,))

pos[:, :, 0] = X

pos[:, :, 1] = Y

F = multivariate_normal(pos, mu, Sigma)

Z = F.pdf(pos)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(20,10))

ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')

ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=3, cstride=3, linewidth=1, antialiased=True,

cmap=cm.viridis)

cset = ax.contourf(X, Y, Z, zdir='z', offset=-0.15, cmap=cm.viridis)

# Adjust the limits, ticks and view angle

ax.set_zlim(-0.15,0.2)

ax.set_zticks(np.linspace(0,0.2,5))

ax.view_init(27, 90)

plt.show()

假设小时，花费任何随机向量

如何解决这个问题？

C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\scipy\stats\_multivariate.py in __init__(self, mean, cov, allow_singular, seed, maxpts, abseps, releps)

725 self._dist = multivariate_normal_gen(seed)

726 self.dim, self.mean, self.cov = self._dist._process_parameters(

--> 727 None, mean, cov)

728 self.cov_info = _PSD(self.cov, allow_singular=allow_singular)

729 if not maxpts:

C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\scipy\stats\_multivariate.py in _process_parameters(self, dim, mean, cov)

397

398 if mean.ndim != 1 or mean.shape[0] != dim:

--> 399 raise ValueError("Array 'mean' must be a vector of length %d." % dim)

400 if cov.ndim == 0:

401 cov = cov * np.eye(dim)

ValueError: Array 'mean' must be a vector of length 173873952.

我怎么知道我的数据的概率为任何一对（小时，成本）和可视化呢？

对不起，我的错误，我不是英语为母语的人。

所以我的问题呆了一会儿没有答案，我把@ImportanceOfBeingErnest建议简化的例子，使其可核查的例子：

这是一个简单的例子：

time=[1,2,3,4,5,6]

cost=[4,5,3,4,8,9]

var_matrix=np.array([time,cost]).T

mean = np.mean(var_matrix,axis=0)

sigma = np.cov(var_matrix.T)

y = multivariate_normal.pdf(var_matrix, mean=mean, cov=sigma,allow_singular=True)

如何绘制3D图形显示（成本，时间），以及对概率密度值。

提前致谢。