python中的classmethod_面试题:python 中 staticmethod 和 classmethod有什么区别

面试中经常会问到staticmethod 和 classmethod有什么区别?

首先看下官方的解释:

staticmethod:

class staticmethod

staticmethod(function) -> method

Convert a function to be a static method.

A static method does not receive an implicit first argument. To declare a static method, use this idiom:

class C:

def f(arg1, arg2, ...): ...

f = staticmethod(f)

It can be called either on the class (e.g. C.f()) or on an instance (e.g. C().f()). The instance is ignored except for its class.

Static methods in Python are similar to those found in Java or C++. For a more advanced concept,

它的一个作用就是将一个一个类的函数转为一个静态函数。静态函数的作用和java,c++的静态函数类似,作用一些全局变量等。

classmethod:

class classmethod

classmethod(function) -> method

Convert a function to be a class method.

A class method receives the class as implicit first argument, just like an instance method receives the instance. To declare a class method, use this idiom:

class C: def f(cls, arg1, arg2, ...): ... f = classmethod(f)

It can be called either on the class (e.g. C.f()) or on an instance (e.g. C().f()). The instance is ignored except for its class. If a class method is called for a derived class, the derived class object is passed as the implied first argument.

Class methods are different than C++ or Java static methods. If you want those, see the staticmethod builtin.

classmethod 和 c++,java的类方法不同。类方法的参数是一个类,实例方法的参数是一个实例。

PS:遇到问题没人解答?需要Python学习资料?可以加点击下方链接自行获取

note.youdao.com/noteshare?id=2dce86d0c2588ae7c0a88bee34324d76

例如下面的程序:

class A:

@staticmethod

def a():

print "this is a"

@classmethod

def b(rty):

print(rty)

print "this is b"

testa = A()

testa.a()

testa.b()

# 输出为:

# this is a

# __main__.A

# this is b

其中的__main__.A 为类A的名字。

如果将@classmethod去掉,则输出的结果为:

class A:

@staticmethod

def a():

print "this is a"

# @classmethod

def b(rty):

print(rty)

print "this is b"

testa = A()

testa.a()

testa.b()

# 输出为:

# this is a

# <__main__.a instance at>

# this is b

可以看到这个时候rty的内容为,类A实例的地址。它和c++的类方法不是一回事儿,c++,java的类方法必须通过实例来调用。

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值