Linux系统如何设置进程优先级,linux下设置线程优先级

在linux下我们可以通过

SCHED_FIFO, SCHED_RR 和 SCHED_OTHER。

我们可以使用

是不支持优先级使用的，而优先级越高。 从上面的结果我们可以看出，如果程序控制线程的优先级，一般是用

和_POSIX_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING)，只要

系统实现了对应的调用策略。

说了半天，我们还没有说，在系统允许使用线程优先级别的时候，如何设置优先级别呢？

上面两个函数分别用于设置线程的优先级，struct sched_param的定义如下

struct sched_param

{

int __sched_priority; //所要设定的线程优先级

};

int pthread_create(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr,

void *(*start_routine)(void*), void *arg);

来创建线程，但是如何设置线程的优先级呢？

在讨论这个问题的时候，我们先要确定当前线程使用的调度策略，posix提供了int pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(const pthread_attr_t *attr, int *policy);函数来获取所

使用的调度策略，它们是：int sched_get_priority_max(int policy);

int sched_get_priority_min(int policy);

来获取线程线程可是设置的最大和最小的优先级值，如果调用成功就返回最大和最小的优先级值，否则返回－1。

从我现在运行的linux系统中，我使用下列程序获取了对应三种调度策略中的最大和最小优先级：

policy = SCHED_OTHER

Show current configuration of priority

max_priority = 0

min_priority = 0

Show SCHED_FIFO of priority

max_priority = 99

min_priority = 1

Show SCHED_RR of priority

max_priority = 99

min_priority = 1

Show priority of current thread

priority = 0

Set thread policy

Set SCHED_FIFO policy

policy = SCHED_FIFO

Set SCHED_RR policy

policy = SCHED_RR

Restore current policy

policy = SCHED_OTHER

我们可以看到SCHED_OTHERSCHED_FIFO和SCHED_RR支持优先级的使用，他们分别为1和99，

数值越大pthread_attr_getschedpolicy来获取系统使用的调度策略，如果是SCHED_OTHER的话，表明当前策略

不支持线程优先级的使用，否则可以。当然所设定的优先级范围必须在最大和最小值之间。我们可以通过sched_get_priority_maxsched_get_priority_min来获取。

可能网友会问，是否我们可以通过int pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(pthread_attr_t *attr, int policy);来设定自己所需的

调度策略呢？我觉得是完全可以的(有些系统需要定义int pthread_attr_setschedparam(pthread_attr_t *attr,

const struct sched_param *param);

int pthread_attr_getschedparam(const pthread_attr_t *attr,

struct sched_param *param);

#defineSCHEDULER_PRIO80/*************************///changetheschedulingpolicyandpriorityofthisthreadstructsched_paramzSchedParam;intpolicy;intnResult;nResult=pthread_getschedparam(pthread_self(),&policy,&zSchedParam);assert(nResult==0);zSchedParam.sched_priority=SCHEDULER_PRIO;nResult=pthread_setschedparam(pthread_self(),SCHED_FIFO,&zSchedParam);assert(nResult==0);/**************************/使用的测试程序：

#include #include #include #include using namespace std; static int get_thread_policy( pthread_attr_t &attr ) {         int policy;         int rs = pthread_attr_getschedpolicy( &attr, &policy );         assert( rs == 0 );         switch ( policy )         {         case SCHED_FIFO:                 cout << "policy = SCHED_FIFO" << endl;                 break;         case SCHED_RR:                 cout << "policy = SCHED_RR" << endl;                 break;         case SCHED_OTHER:                 cout << "policy = SCHED_OTHER" << endl;                 break;         default:                 cout << "policy = UNKNOWN" << endl;                 break;         }         return policy; } static void show_thread_priority( pthread_attr_t &attr, int policy ) {         int priority = sched_get_priority_max( policy );         assert( priority != -1 );         cout << "max_priority = " << priority << endl;         priority = sched_get_priority_min( policy );         assert( priority != -1 );         cout << "min_priority = " << priority << endl; } static int get_thread_priority( pthread_attr_t &attr ) {         struct sched_param param;         int rs = pthread_attr_getschedparam( &attr, &param );         assert( rs == 0 );         cout << "priority = " << param.__sched_priority << endl;         return param.__sched_priority; } static void set_thread_policy( pthread_attr_t &attr,  int policy ) {         int rs = pthread_attr_setschedpolicy( &attr, policy );         assert( rs == 0 );         get_thread_policy( attr ); } int main( void ) {         pthread_attr_t attr;         struct sched_param sched;         int rs;         rs = pthread_attr_init( &attr );         assert( rs == 0 );         int policy = get_thread_policy( attr );         cout << "Show current configuration of priority" << endl;         show_thread_priority( attr, policy );         cout << "Show SCHED_FIFO of priority" << endl;         show_thread_priority( attr, SCHED_FIFO );         cout << "Show SCHED_RR of priority" << endl;         show_thread_priority( attr, SCHED_RR );         cout << "Show priority of current thread" << endl;         int priority = get_thread_priority( attr );         cout << "Set thread policy" << endl;         cout << "Set SCHED_FIFO policy" << endl;         set_thread_policy( attr, SCHED_FIFO );         cout << "Set SCHED_RR policy" << endl;         set_thread_policy( attr, SCHED_RR );         cout << "Restore current policy" << endl;         set_thread_policy( attr, policy );         rs = pthread_attr_destroy( &attr );         assert( rs == 0 );         return 0; }