python if not函数_python字典，get()函数，if not x整合与详解

get()函数用法

>>> name = 'yes'

>>> d = {'key1':'123','key2':123}

>>> d[name] = 'kayson'

>>> d[0]= name

>>> d

{0: 'yes', 'key2': 123, 'key1': '123', 'yes': 'kayson'}

>>> print d

{0: 'yes', 'key2': 123, 'key1': '123', 'yes': 'kayson'}

>>> help(d.get)

Help on built-in function get:

get(...)

D.get(k[,d]) -> D[k] if k in D, else d.  d defaults to None.

'''解释

D.get(k[,d]) =====> D.get(k) or D.get(k,d)

k为字典中key，d为返回值(即字典中key所对应的值)

如果key不存在，则默认返回None

如果key存在，则返回字典中key所对应的值

'''

# 示例

>>> D={'k':'d'}

>>> D

{'k': 'd'}

>>> D.get('k')

'd'

#字典中没有yes这个key字段，则返回None(默认值)

#字典中没有yes这个key字段，但定义默认值为NO EXITS，则返回NO EXITS值

>>> D.get('yes','NO EXITS')

'NO EXITS'

'''

not X的理解

if X is False;then True;else False  #这里的X个人理解为not X

在python中

None,  False, 空字符串"", 0, 空列表[], 空字典{}, 空元组()都相当于False

即：

not None == not False == not '' == not 0 == not [] == not {} == not ()

####代码示例

>>> x = []

>>> not x is False

True

'''

>>>

>>> print D.get('yes')

None

>>> state = D.get('yes')  # 即 state = None

>>> if not state:

...        print 'the value is none.'

>>>

>>>

>>> D.get('yes','NO EXITS')

'NO EXITS'

>>> state1 = D.get('yes','NO EXITS')  # 即 state1 = NO EXITS

>>> if not state1:

...        print 'the value is %s.' % state1