轮询以太网接口统计信息的最佳方法是通过SNMP …
>看起来你正在使用linux ……如果是这样的话,请在你的/ etc / defaults / snmpd中安装snmpd之后加载你的snmpd …(确保使用SNMPDOPTS的行看起来像这样):
SNMPDOPTS =’ – Lsd -Lf / dev / null -u snmp -I -smux,usmConf,iquery,dlmod,diskio,lmSensors,hr_network,snmpEngine,system_mib,at,interface,ifTable,ipAddressTable,ifXTable,ip,cpu,tcpTable ,udpTable,ipSystemStatsTable,ip,snmp_mib,tcp,icmp,udp,proc,memory,snmpNotifyTable,inetNetToMediaTable,ipSystemStatsTable,disk -Lsd -p /var/run/snmpd.pid’
>您可能还需要将ro社区更改为public请参阅注释1并在/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf中设置侦听接口(如果不在环回上)…
>假设您有一个功能性的snmpd,此时,您可以使用此方法轮询ifHCInBytes和ifHCOutBytes查看有关的接口的注释2 …
poll_bytes.py:
from SNMP import v2Manager
import time
def poll_eth0(manager=None):
# NOTE: 2nd arg to get_index should be a valid ifName value
in_bytes = manager.get_index('ifHCInOctets', 'eth0')
out_bytes = manager.get_index('ifHCOutOctets', 'eth0')
return (time.time(), int(in_bytes), int(out_bytes))
# Prep an SNMP manager object...
mgr = v2Manager('localhost')
mgr.index('ifName')
stats = list()
# Insert condition below, instead of True...
while True:
stats.append(poll_eth0(mgr))
print poll_eth0(mgr)
time.sleep(5)
SNMP.py:
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
import re
class v2Manager(object):
def __init__(self, addr='127.0.0.1', community='public'):
self.addr = addr
self.community = community
self._index = dict()
def bulkwalk(self, oid='ifName'):
cmd = 'snmpbulkwalk -v 2c -Osq -c %s %s %s' % (self.community,
self.addr, oid)
po = Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=PIPE, executable='/bin/bash')
output = po.communicate()[0]
result = dict()
for line in re.split(r'\r*\n', output):
if line.strip()=="":
continue
idx, value = re.split(r'\s+', line, 1)
idx = idx.replace(oid+".", '')
result[idx] = value
return result
def bulkwalk_index(self, oid='ifOutOctets'):
result = dict()
if not (self._index==dict()):
vals = self.bulkwalk(oid=oid)
for key, val in vals.items():
idx = self._index.get(key, None)
if not (idx is None):
result[idx] = val
else:
raise ValueError, "Could not find '%s' in the index (%s)" % self.index
else:
raise ValueError, "Call the index() method before calling bulkwalk_index()"
return result
def get_index(self, oid='ifOutOctets', index=''):
# This method is horribly inefficient... improvement left as exercise for the reader...
if index:
return self.bulkwalk_index().get(index, "")
else:
raise ValueError, "Please include an index to get"
def index(self, oid='ifName'):
self._index = self.bulkwalk(oid=oid)
结束说明:
> SNMP v2c使用明文身份验证.如果您担心安全性/有人嗅探您的流量,请更改您的社区并通过源IP地址限制查询到您的Linux机器.完美的世界是修改上面的SNMP.py以使用SNMPv3(它加密敏感数据);大多数人只使用非公共社区并通过源IP限制snmp查询.> ifHCInOctets和ifHCOutOctets为通过接口传输的字节数提供瞬时值.如果您正在寻找数据传输速率,当然会涉及一些额外的数学.