python调用函数方法_python函数（一）调用函数

#!/usr/bin/env python3#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-

a= 'abc'

def capitalize(self): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.capitalize() -> str

#让第一个字母大写"""

return ""a1=a.capitalize()print(a1)#结果#Abc

def center(self, width, fillchar=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

#width宽度；fillchar=None，填充字符，默认为空格

"""S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> str

Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is

done using the specified fill character (default is a space默认为空格)"""

return ""a2= a.center(10) #让a这个字符串宽度为10.且abc位于中央。

print(a2)#abc

a3 = a.center(10,'@')　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#以@为填充符。

print(a3)#@@@abc@@@@

def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""#统计子序列出现的次数。

#sub附属的，起始位置，结束为止

S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int

Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in

string S[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are

interpreted as in slice notation."""

return0

a4= a.count('a',0,2) #计算从0-2之间有几个a。

print(a4)#1

def encode(self, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict'): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""#转码，encoding是编码方式；默认转成utf-8。errors是错误处理方式。

S.encode(encoding='utf-8', errors='strict') -> bytes"""

return b"" #返回为b""，就是以b开头。

A = '张洪震'a5= A.encode('gbk',errors='ignore')　　　 #转成gbk编码，忽略错误。注：其实内部还是从utf-8转为Unicode，再从Unicode转为gbk。

print(a5)#b'\xd5\xc5\xba\xe9\xd5\xf0'

def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool

#suffix后缀，

suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.#后缀也可以是一个元组。"""

return False　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 #返回正误

a6 = a.endswith('c',0,3) #这里注意一下，是0<=suffix position.<3，#a6 = a.endswith('c',0,2)，这样写会报错。

print(a6)#True

def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool

Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.

With optional start, test S beginning at that position.

With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.

prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.

判断是否是以“。。”开头，可以指定开头和结尾的位置，"""

returnFalsedef expandtabs(self, tabsize=8): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.expandtabs(tabsize=8) -> str

Return a copy#副本of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.

If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.

#返回一个用空格代替tab键的副本。"""

return ""B= 'zhan g'b7=B.expandtabs()print(b7)#zhan g

def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""#查找出sub所在的位置。

S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int

Return -1 on failure.#如果失败的话返回-1."""

return0

a8=a.find('c',0,3) #在0-2的位置找c。

a9 =a.index('b') #index和find都是找，index找不到的话会直接报错。

print(a8,a9)#2 1

def format(*args, **kwargs): #known special case of str.format

"""S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str

Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.

返回一个格式化的字符串，用替换的来自于传参。

The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').

被替换的东西用{}来定义"""

passC='zhen,{0},{1}'a10= C.format('是四个字母','对') #传参为“是四个字母”

print(a10)#zhen,是四个字母,对

D ='zhen,{dd},{ddd}'a10= D.format(dd='是四个字母',ddd='对') #做一个动态对应

print(a10)#zhen,是四个字母,对

#以is开头的大都是判断，举一个例子

def isalnum(self): 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#判断是否是文字数字

returnFalsedef join(self, iterable): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""#主要用来做拼接

S.join(iterable) -> str

Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the

iterable.

The separator between elements is S.元素之间的分隔符是S.。"""

return ""E=['ni hao','zhang','chi le ma'] #定义一个列表

a11= ",".join(E) #让“E”中的字符串以“，”为分割符相连。

print(a11)#ni hao,zhang,chi le ma

def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> str

左对齐。参数为宽度，填充字段.默认为空"""

return ""

def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> str

右对齐。参数为宽度，填充字段，默认为空"""

return ""F= 'abc'a12=F.ljust(7,'#')　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#让F的宽度为7个字符，如果不够7个，那么在字符串的右边填充上“#”把字符串“挤”至左对齐。

print(a12)

a13=F.rjust(6,'$')　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#让F的宽度为6个字符，如果不够6个，那么在字符串的左边填充上“#”把字符串“挤”至右对齐。

print(a13)#结果

'''abc####

$$$abc'''

def lower(self): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.lower() -> str

Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.

返回一个字符串的小写副本。"""

return ""

def upper(self): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.upper() -> str

大写

Return a copy of S converted to uppercase."""

return ""

def strip(self, chars=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.strip([chars]) -> str

Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing whitespace removed.

If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.

删除开头和结尾空格，如果给定字符或不是空的，那么删除给定字符"""

return ""

def lstrip(self, chars=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.lstrip([chars]) -> str

Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.

If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.

返回一个去掉字符串的开头空格的副本

如果给定字符而不是空的，则删除给定字符。"""

return ""a14=a.lstrip('a')print(a14)def rstrip(self, chars=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.rstrip([chars]) -> str

Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.

If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.

返回一个去掉字符串的结尾空格的副本

如果给定字符而不是空的，则删除给定字符。"""

return ""a15=a.rstrip('c')print(a15)def partition(self, sep): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)

Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,

the separator itself, and the part after it. If the separator is not

found, return S and two empty strings.

在字符串中搜索分隔符，并返回它前面的部分、分隔符本身和后面的部分。如果找不到分隔符，返回s和两个空字符串。"""

passa16= a.partition('b')　　　　　　　　　　　　#以b为分隔符

print(a16)#('a', 'b', 'c')

a17= a.partition('d')　　　　　　　　　　　　#以d为分割符

print(a17)#('abc', '', '')

def replace(self, old, new, count=None): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> str

old replaced by new. If the optional argument count is

given, only the first count occurrences are replaced."""

return ""h='aaaaaaa'h1= h.replace('a','b',3)　　　　　　　　　　#用b替换a,个数为3

h2=h.replace('a','9',2)print(h1,h2)#bbbaaaa 99aaaaa

def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=-1): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.split(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings

分割。"""i='zhang hong z hen'i1=i.split('h',2)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#指定h为分隔符，i中有3个h，指定最大为2个，所以，只有两个作为分割符了

i2=i.split()　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#没有指定，则以空格为分割符并删除空格

print(i1,i2)#['z', 'ang ', 'ong z hen'] ['zhang', 'hong', 'z', 'hen']

def swapcase(self): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.swapcase() -> str

Return a copy of S with uppercase characters converted to lowercase

and vice versa.

如果是大写，那么给它换成小写，反之亦然。"""

return ""

def title(self): #real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

"""S.title() -> str

Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with title case

characters, all remaining cased characters have lower case."""

return ""