oracle redo查询,Oracle 11g的Redo Log和Archive Log的分析方法

自Oracle 11g起，无需设置UTL_FILE_DIR就可以使用LOGMNR对本地数据库的日志进行分析，以下是使用LOGMNR的DICT_FROM_ONLINE_CATALOG分析REDO和归档日志的步骤

分析REDO日志的实验

创建测试表，并做DML操作。

SQL> create table t_test(id number,name varchar2(15));

Table created.

SQL> insert into t_test values(1,'stream');

1 row created.

SQL> insert into t_test values(2,'dbdream');

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> update t_test set name='streamsong' where id=1;

1 row updated.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> delete from t_test;

2 rows deleted.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

查看REDO日志的路径。

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER

------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stream/STREAM/redo03.log

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stream/STREAM/redo02.log

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stream/STREAM/redo01.log

添加REDO日志

第一个添加的日志需指定NEW，如果确定要查询的信息在指定的REDO日志内，可以只添加那个REDO日志，而不需要再添加其他

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stream/STREAM/redo01.log',options=>dbms_logmnr.new);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

添加其他REDO日志

不是第一个添加的日志需指定ADDFILE。

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stream/STREAM/redo02.log',options=>dbms_logmnr.addfile);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stream/STREAM/redo03.log',options=>dbms_logmnr.addfile);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

开始对添加的REDO进行分析

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(options=>dbms_logmnr.dict_from_online_catalog);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

查看LOGMNR分析后得到的信息

LOGMNR分析后的数据会存放在v$logmnr_contents视图中，通过查询v$logmnr_contents视图就可以查询到REDO日志的信息。

SQL> select timestamp,sql_redo,sql_undo from v$logmnr_contents where username='SCOTT'and table_name='T_TEST';

TIMESTAMP SQL_REDO

--------- -----------------------------------------------------------

21-MAR-12 create table t_test(id number,name varchar2(15));

21-MAR-12 insert into "SCOTT"."T_TEST"("ID","NAME") values ('1','stream');

21-MAR-12 insert into "SCOTT"."T_TEST"("ID","NAME") values ('2','dbdream');

21-MAR-12 update "SCOTT"."T_TEST" set "NAME" = 'streamsong' where "NAME" ='stream' and ROWID = 'AAAR7fAAEAAAADXAAA';

21-MAR-12 delete from "SCOTT"."T_TEST" where "ID" = '1' and "NAME" = 'streamsong' and ROWID = 'AAAR7fAAEAAAADXAAA';

21-MAR-12 delete from "SCOTT"."T_TEST" where "ID" = '2' and "NAME" ='dbdream' and ROWID = 'AAAR7fAAEAAAADXAAB';

SQL_REDO就是执行的SQL语句，SQL_UNDO是回滚操作的SQL语句，也就是执行SQL_UNDO的相关SQL，就可以回滚对应的操作。

注：LOGMNR是SESSION级的，以上实验第3步到第6步需在同一个SESSION中进行，SESSION断开连接后需重新执行，否则会报以下错误提示。

ORA-01306: dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr() must be invoked before selecting from v$logmnr_contents

结束LOGMNR操作

由于LOGMNR是会话级的，可以用直接退出或关闭当前的终端的方式来结束LOGMNR的操作，当然，正确的结束LOGMNR操作需使用下面的命令。

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr;

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

分析归档日志的实验

分析归档日志的操作和分析REDO的操作基本一样，最重要的就是准确的找到需要查找的信息在哪些归档日志内。既然是利用LOGMNR分析归档日志，数据库一定是在归档模式，要不哪来的归档日志，可以通过如下命令查看数据库是否启用归档模式。

SQL> archive log list

Database log mode Archive Mode

Automatic archival Enabled

Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence 15

Next log sequence to archive 17

Current log sequence 17

可以看到当前数据库已经开启归档模式，归档地址是USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST，USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST的具体位置可以通过下面的命令查看。

SQL> show parameter db_recove

NAME TYPE VALUE

--------------------------- ----------- -------------------------------

db_recovery_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 852M

如果数据据库开启闪回恢复区，闪回恢复区就是默认的归档地址，我个人建议使用这个空间存放归档日志，因为从Oracle 11g开始当该空间的使用率达到80%的时候，系统会自动删除已经备份过的归档文件，避免被撑爆。闪回恢复区的大小受db_recovery_file_dest_size大小的限制，是一个动态参数，可以随时在线修改。

本实验步骤如下：

切换日志，使REDO日志归档。

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

按照归档日志的时间，找到存放需要分析信息的归档日志。

[oracle@stream 2012_03_21]$ pwd

/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/STREAM/archivelog/2012_03_21

[oracle@stream 2012_03_21]$ ll

total 32196

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 26598912 Mar 21 10:55 o1_mf_1_12_7pljs9lb_.arc

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6206976 Mar 21 14:05 o1_mf_1_13_7plvx3bc_.arc

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 100864 Mar 21 14:07 o1_mf_1_14_7plw0bgo_.arc

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1024 Mar 21 14:07 o1_mf_1_15_7plw0d0q_.arc

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2048 Mar 21 14:07 o1_mf_1_16_7plw0gc1_.arc

将归档日志添加到LOGMNR。

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/STREAM/archivelog/2012_03_21/o1_mf_1_13_7plvx3bc_.arc',options=>dbms_logmnr.new);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/STREAM/archivelog/2012_03_21/o1_mf_1_14_7plw0bgo_.arc',options=>dbms_logmnr.addfile);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

开始分析。

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(options=>dbms_logmnr.dict_from_online_catalog);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

查看LOGMNR分析后的数据。

SQL> select timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where username='SCOTT' and table_name='T_TEST';

TIMESTAMP SQL_REDO

--------- -----------------------------------------------------------------

21-MAR-12 create table t_test(id number,name varchar2(15));

21-MAR-12 insert into "SCOTT"."T_TEST"("ID","NAME") values ('1','stream');

21-MAR-12 insert into "SCOTT"."T_TEST"("ID","NAME") values ('2','dbdream');

21-MAR-12 update "SCOTT"."T_TEST" set "NAME" = 'streamsong' where "NAME" =

'stream' and ROWID = 'AAAR7fAAEAAAADXAAA';

21-MAR-12 delete from "SCOTT"."T_TEST" where "ID" = '1' and "NAME" =

'streamsong' and ROWID = 'AAAR7fAAEAAAADXAAA';

21-MAR-12 delete from "SCOTT"."T_TEST" where "ID" = '2' and "NAME" =

'dbdream' and ROWID = 'AAAR7fAAEAAAADXAAB';

6 rows selected.

结束LOGMNR操作。

SQL> exec dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr;

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.