python globals exec,python globals：导入vs. execfile

I put a method in a file mymodule.py:

def do_something():

global a

a=1

If I try

>>> execfile('mymodule.py')

>>> do_something()

>>> print a

I get "1" as I expect. But if I import the module instead,

>>> from mymodule import *

and then run do_something(), then the python session knows nothing about the variable "a".

Can anyone explain the difference to me? Thanks.

解决方案

In the second part where you import mymodule, the reason why it isn't showing up is that a is global to the namespace of mymodule as done that way.

Try:

print mymodule.a

This prints:

1

As expected.

The global statement is a declaration which holds for the entire

current code block. It means that the listed identifiers are to be

interpreted as globals. It would be impossible to assign to a global

variable without global, although free variables may refer to globals

without being declared global.

Names listed in a global statement must not be used in the same code

block textually preceding that global statement.

Names listed in a global statement must not be defined as formal

parameters or in a for loop control target, class definition, function

definition, or import statement.