前言
在提交表单操作的时候,经常会遇到图片上传的操作,图片上传是一个单独的接口,本篇以禅道为例,介绍如何上传图片
一、上传接口
1.以禅道上提交bug为例,在选择图片时,点确定按钮,就是上传图片了
2.用fiddler抓包,查看抓到的接口,以下这种接口就是multipart/form-data
- Content-Type: multipart/form-data
- body参数是这种格式:
-----------------------------22165374713946
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="localUrl"
yoyoketang.png
-----------------------------22165374713946
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="imgFile"; filename="yoyoketang.png"
Content-Type: image/png
二、先登录
1.因为上传图片是在登录之后操作的,这个需要依赖用户登录
1 ```2 #coding:utf-8
3 importrequests4
5 base = ‘http://127.0.0.1:81/‘ #禅道的服务器地址
6
7 loginUrl = base+"/zentao/user-login.html"
8
9 h ={10 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0",11 "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",12 "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",13 "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",14 "Referer": "http://127.0.0.1/zentao/user-login.html",15 #"Cookie": # 头部没登录前不用传cookie,因为这里cookie就是保持登录的
16 "Connection": "keep-alive",17 "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",18 }19
20 body = {"account":"admin",21 "password":"e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e",22 "keepLogin[]":"on",23 "referer":"http://127.0.0.1/zentao/my/"
24 }25
26 s = requests.session() #保持会话
27 r = s.post(loginUrl, data=body, headers=h)28 print r.content #打印结果看到location=‘http://127.0.0.1/zentao/my/‘说明登录成功了
29 ```
三、上传图片
1.上传图片以下这种格式:
-----------------------------22165374713946
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="localUrl"
yoyoketang.png
-----------------------------22165374713946
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="imgFile"; filename="yoyoketang.png"
Content-Type: image/png
2.写成字典格式,key对应name="imgFile"这里name对应的值
3.value里面是一个元组()
- 第一个参数是filename=后面对应的值,没有就写None
- 第二个是上面的这个值“”yoyoketang.png“”,或者是文件open打开的二进制流
- 第三个是Content-Type对应的类型,如:"image/png"
f ={
"localUrl": (None,"1.png"),
"imgFile": ("1.png", open("d:\\1.png", "rb"), "image/png")
}
四、验证是否上传成功
1.获取上传后的地址,放到浏览器的地址栏请求下,看是不是刚才上传的图片
五、参考代码
1 #coding:utf-8
2 importrequests3
4 base = ‘http://127.0.0.1:81/‘ #禅道的服务器地址
5
6 loginUrl = base+"/zentao/user-login.html"
7
8 h ={9 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0",10 "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",11 "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",12 "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",13 "Referer": "http://127.0.0.1/zentao/user-login.html",14 #"Cookie": # 头部没登录前不用传cookie,因为这里cookie就是保持登录的
15 "Connection": "keep-alive",16 "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",17 }18
19 body = {"account":"admin",20 "password":"e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e",21 "keepLogin[]":"on",22 "referer":"http://127.0.0.1/zentao/my/"
23 }24
25 s = requests.session() #保持会话
26 r = s.post(loginUrl, data=body, headers=h)27 print r.content #打印结果看到location=‘http://127.0.0.1/zentao/my/‘说明登录成功了
28
29 #上传图片
30 url1 = "http://127.0.0.1:81/zentao/file-ajaxUpload-5a26aca290b59.html?dir=image"
31
32 f ={33 "localUrl": (None,"1.png"),34 "imgFile": ("1.png", open("d:\\1.png", "rb"), "image/png")35 }36 r = s.post(url1, files=f)37 try:38 jpgurl = base+r.json()["url"]39 print(u"上传图片后的url地址:%s"%jpgurl)40 exceptException as msg:41 print(u"返回值不是json格式:%s"%str(msg))42 print(r.content)43 ```