vue sleep_vue不常用的知识点的整理

作者：小城听风雨

https://blog.csdn.net/a5252145/article/details/107316953

v-cloak

使用 v-cloak 指令可以有效解决屏幕闪动。

有时候，页面没渲染之前就会出现vue代码块，例如下图。使用v-cloak可以很好解决这种问题。

<template>    <div class="hello">        <span v-cloak>{{ content }}span>    div>template><script>export default {    name: "hello",    data() {        return {            content: "测试"        };    }};script><style scoped>/* v-cloak这个属性会在页面渲染前作用于对应dom 在渲染完毕这个里面的样式将被移除 */[v-cloak] {    display: none;}style>

keep-alive

官网是这么解释的:

例如：可以实现页面缓存，比如从编辑页切出去再切进来，页面还是处于编辑状态。

需要在router.js中设置meta属性，meta下的keepAlive属性设置为true，代表这个页面需要进行缓存。

import Vue from 'vue'import Router from 'vue-router'import HelloWorld from '@/components/HelloWorld'import is from '@/view/is'import list from '@/view/list'import detail from '@/view/detail'Vue.use(Router)export default new Router({    routes: [        {            path: '/',            name: 'HelloWorld',            component: HelloWorld,            meta: {                keepAlive: false,                title: 'HelloWorld'            }        },        {            path: '/is',            name: 'is',            component: is,            meta: {                keepAlive: false,                title: 'is'            }        },        {            path: '/list',            name: 'list',            component: list,            meta: {                keepAlive: true,                title: 'list'            }        },        {            path: '/detail',            name: 'detail',            component: detail,            meta: {                keepAlive: true,                title: 'detail'            }        }    ]})

在app.vue中修改一下代码

<template>    <div id="app">        <keep-alive>                        <router-view v-if="$route.meta.keepAlive" />        keep-alive>                <router-view v-if="!$route.meta.keepAlive" />    div>template><script>export default {    name: "App"};script><style>#app {    font-family: "Avenir", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;}style>

在详情页detail.vue中，注意beforeRouteEnter和beforeRouteLeave两个方法。

<template>    <div>                        <Form ref="formCustom" :model="formItem" :label-width="80">                        <FormItem label="Input">                                <Input v-model="formItem.input" placeholder="Enter something...">Input>                        FormItem>                        <FormItem label="Select">                                <Select v-model="formItem.select">                                        <Option value="beijing">New YorkOption>                                        <Option value="shanghai">LondonOption>                                        <Option value="shenzhen">SydneyOption>                                Select>                        FormItem>                        <FormItem label="DatePicker">                                <Row>                                        <Col span="11">                                                <DatePicker type="date" placeholder="Select date" v-model="formItem.date">DatePicker>                                        Col>                                        <Col span="2" style="text-align: center">-Col>                                        <Col span="11">                                                <TimePicker type="time" placeholder="Select time" v-model="formItem.time">TimePicker>                                        Col>                                Row>                        FormItem>                        <FormItem label="Radio">                                <RadioGroup v-model="formItem.radio">                                        <Radio label="male">MaleRadio>                                       <Radio label="female">FemaleRadio>                                RadioGroup>                        FormItem>                        <FormItem label="Checkbox">                            <CheckboxGroup v-model="formItem.checkbox">                                    <Checkbox label="Eat">Checkbox>                                       <Checkbox label="Sleep">Checkbox>                                       <Checkbox label="Run">Checkbox>                                       <Checkbox label="Movie">Checkbox>                               CheckboxGroup>                       FormItem>                       <FormItem label="Switch">                           <i-switch v-model="formItem.switch" size="large">                                       <span slot="open">Onspan>                                       <span slot="close">Offspan>                               i-switch>                       FormItem>                       <FormItem label="Slider">                               <Slider v-model="formItem.slider" range>Slider>                       FormItem>                       <FormItem label="Text">                               <Input v-model="formItem.textarea" type="textarea" :autosize="{minRows: 2,maxRows: 5}" placeholder="Enter something...">Input>                       FormItem>                       <FormItem>                               <Button type="primary">SubmitButton>                               <Button style="margin-left: 8px">CancelButton>                       FormItem>                       <FormItem>                               <router-link :to="{name:'list'}">                                       <Button size="small" type="primary">跳转到列表页Button>                               router-link>                               <router-link :to="{name:'is'}">                                       <Button size="small" type="primary">跳转到is页Button>                               router-link>                       FormItem>               Form>       div>template><script>export default {    name: "detail",    mixins: [],        components: {},        filters: {},        props: [],        computed: {},        data() {                return {                        formItem: {                                input: "",                                select: "",                                radio: "male",                                checkbox: [],                                switch: true,                                date: "",                                time: "",                                slider: [20, 50],                                textarea: ""                        }                };        },        watch: {},        created() {    },        mounted() {    },        methods: {                // 重置表单                init() {                        this.$refs[formCustom].resetFields();                }        },        // 路由进来之前，判断是从哪个页面过来的，设置不同的keepAlive属性        beforeRouteEnter(to, from, next) {                if (from.name === "list") {                        to.meta.keepAlive = true;                } else {                        to.meta.keepAlive = false;                }                next();                // beforeRouteEnter不能通过this访问组件实例，但是可以通过 vm 访问组件实例(刚开始错误写法)                // next(vm => {                //     if (from.name === "list") {                //         // 在这里修改keepAlive值，是不能缓存数据的，因为在next()里面的代码，是在vue挂载之后执行，处于activated之后，此时activated中keepAlive还是false                //         vm.$route.meta.keepAlive = true;                //     } else {                //         vm.$route.meta.keepAlive = false;                //     }                // });        },        // 路由离开之前，判断去往哪个页面，设置不同的keepAlive属性        beforeRouteLeave(to, from, next) {                if (to.name === "list") {                        this.$route.meta.keepAlive = true;                } else {                        this.$route.meta.keepAlive = false;                }                next();        },        activated() {                // 此方法在页面缓存时会被调用(this.$route.meta.keepAlive为true时)，根据路由元信息决定是否重新加载数据。不加载则是上次填写完的数据                // console.log(this.$route.meta.keepAlive);        }};script><style scoped>.detail {    position: relative;        height: 100%;        width: 100%;}style>

插槽slot

解构插槽 Prop：可以传递子组件的变量

// 子组件<template>    <div class="isComponent">        <slot name='one' :childStr='childStr'>slot>        <slot name='two'>slot>        <slot>slot>    div>template><script>export default {    name: "isComponent",    data() {        return {            childStr: 'i am a child',        };    }};script><style scoped>style>

// 父组件<is-component>    <template #one="{childStr}">{{childStr}}template>    <template v-slot:two>        two    template>    <template>        default    template>is-component>

效果：// i am a child two default

强制刷新某个div

通过this.$router.go(0)刷新页面，和F5一样，会有空白页时间，体验不好。通过provide/inject即可改变这种效果。

修饰符

事件修饰符：

• .stop：相当于原生JS中event.stopPropagation()，阻止事件冒泡。

• .prevent：相当于原生JS中event.preventDefault()，阻止默认事件的发生。

• .capture：事件冒泡的方向相反，事件捕获由外到内。即有冒泡发生时，有该修饰符的dom元素会先执行，如果有多个，从外到内依次执行。

• .self：只会触发自己范围内的事件，不包含子元素。

• .once：事件只能触发一次。

• .passive：事件会执行默认方法。

注：

1. 每次事件产生，浏览器都会去查询一下是否有preventDefault阻止该次事件的默认动作。

   我们加上passive就是为了告诉浏览器，不用查询了，我们没用preventDefault阻止默认动作。

2. passive和prevent冲突，不能同时绑定在一个监听器上

:is: 动态组件

优点：使代码更符合HTML语法验证

官网是这么解释的：

// 父组件：<template>    <div class="is">        <table>            <tr :is='is'>tr>        table>    div>template><script>import isComponent from '../components/isComponent'export default {    name: "is",    components: {        isComponent    },    data() {        return {            is: 'isComponent'        };    }};script><style scoped>style>

// 子组件：<template>    <div class="isComponent">        <span>我是trspan>    div>template><script>export default {    name: "isComponent",    data() {        return {};    }};script><style scoped>style>

@click.native

在封装好的组件上使用，要加上.native才能click。

1. router-link 加上@click事件，绑定的事件会无效因为：

   router-link的作用是单纯的路由跳转，会阻止click事件，你可以试试只用click不用native,事件是不会触发的。

   此时加上.native，才会触发事件.

2. 根据Vue2.0官方文档关于父子组件通讯的原则，父组件通过prop传递数据给子组件，子组件触发事件给父组件。但父组件想在子组件上监听自己的click的话，需要加上native修饰符

// router-link "{name:'detail'}"     "small" type=// 自己封装的组件<is-component @click.native="handleNative">is-component>

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