python database 日期_Python SQLite3数据库日期与时间常见函数用法分析

本文实例讲述了Python SQLite3数据库日期与时间常见函数。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

import sqlite3

#con = sqlite3.connect('example.db')

con = sqlite3.connect(":memory:")

c = con.cursor()

# Create table

c.execute('''CREATE TABLE stocks

(date text, trans text, symbol text, qty real, price real)''')

# Insert a row of data

c.execute("INSERT INTO stocks VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)", ('2006-03-27','BUY','RHAT',100,60.14))

# Larger example that inserts many records at a time

purchases = [('2006-03-28', 'BUY', 'IBM', 1000, 45.00),

('2006-04-05', 'BUY', 'MSFT', 1000, 72.00),

('2006-04-06', 'SELL', 'IBM', 500, 53.00),

('2006-04-07', 'SELL', 'MSFT', 500, 74.00),

('2006-04-08', 'SELL', 'IBM', 500, 54.00),

('2006-04-09', 'SELL', 'MSFT', 500, 73.00),

('2006-04-10', 'SELL', 'MSFT', 500, 75.00),

('2006-04-12', 'SELL', 'IBM', 500, 55.00),

]

c.executemany('INSERT INTO stocks VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)', purchases)

# Save (commit) the changes

con.commit()

# Do this instead

t = ('RHAT',)

c.execute('SELECT * FROM stocks WHERE symbol=?', t)

#print(c.fetchone())

#for row in c.execute('SELECT * FROM stocks ORDER BY price'):

# print(row)

#for row in c.execute('SELECT * FROM stocks LIMIT 5 OFFSET 0'):

# print(row)

for row in c.execute('SELECT * FROM stocks LIMIT 5 OFFSET 1'):

print(row)

#Select Top N * From

# ====================================================================================

# SQLite 日期 & 时间

# ====================================================================================

print('='*30)

print('SQLite 日期 & 时间')

print('='*30)

# 计算当前日期

c.execute("SELECT date('now')")

print(c.fetchone())

# 计算当前月份的最后一天：

c.execute("SELECT date('now','start of month','+1 month','-1 day');")

print(c.fetchone())

# 计算给定 UNIX 时间戳 1092941466 的日期和时间：

c.execute("SELECT datetime(1092941466, 'unixepoch');")

print(c.fetchone())

# 计算给定 UNIX 时间戳 1092941466 相对本地时区的日期和时间：

c.execute("SELECT datetime(1092941466, 'unixepoch', 'localtime');")

print(c.fetchone())

# 计算当前的 UNIX 时间戳：

c.execute("SELECT datetime(1092941466, 'unixepoch', 'localtime');")

print(c.fetchone())

# 计算美国"独立宣言"签署以来的天数：

c.execute("SELECT julianday('now') - julianday('1776-07-04');")

print(c.fetchone())

# 计算从 2004 年某一特定时刻以来的秒数：

c.execute("SELECT strftime('%s','now') - strftime('%s','2004-01-01 02:34:56');")

print(c.fetchone())

# 计算当年 10 月的第一个星期二的日期：

c.execute("SELECT date('now','start of year','+9 months','weekday 2');")

print(c.fetchone())

# 计算从 UNIX 纪元算起的以秒为单位的时间(类似 strftime('%s','now') ，不同的是这里有包括小数部分)：

c.execute("SELECT (julianday('now') - 2440587.5)*86400.0;")

print(c.fetchone())

# 在 UTC 与本地时间值之间进行转换，当格式化日期时，使用 utc 或 localtime 修饰符，如下所示：

c.execute("SELECT time('12:00', 'localtime');")

print(c.fetchone())

#

c.execute("SELECT time('12:00', 'utc');")

print(c.fetchone())

con.close()

# ====================================================================================

# SQLite 常用函数

# ====================================================================================

print('='*30)

print('SQLite 常用函数')

print('='*30)

con = sqlite3.connect(":memory:")

c = con.cursor()

# Create table

c.execute('''CREATE TABLE COMPANY

(ID integer, NAME text, AGE integer, ADDRESS text, SALARY real)''')

# Larger example that inserts many records at a time

purchases = [(1,'Paul',32,'California',20000.0),

(2,'Allen',25,'Texas',15000.0),

(3,'Teddy',23,'Norway',20000.0),

(4,'Mark',25,'Rich-Mond',65000.0),

(5,'David',27,'Texas',85000.0),

(6,'Kim',22,'South-Hall',45000.0),

(7,'James',24,'Houston',10000.0)]

c.executemany('INSERT INTO COMPANY VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)', purchases)

# Save (commit) the changes

con.commit()

# 返回数据库表最后 n 行记录

# 先计算一个数据库表中的行数

c.execute("SELECT count(*) FROM COMPANY;")

last = c.fetchone()[0]

n = 5

c.execute("SELECT * FROM COMPANY LIMIT ? OFFSET ?;", (n, last-n))

for row in c:

print(row)

# 计算一个数据库表中的行数

c.execute("SELECT count(*) FROM COMPANY;")

print(c.fetchone())

# 选择某列的最大值

c.execute("SELECT max(salary) FROM COMPANY;")

print(c.fetchone())

# 选择某列的最小值

c.execute("SELECT min(salary) FROM COMPANY;")

print(c.fetchone())

# 计算某列的平均值

c.execute("SELECT avg(salary) FROM COMPANY;")

print(c.fetchone())

# 为一个数值列计算总和

c.execute("SELECT sum(salary) FROM COMPANY;")

print(c.fetchone())

# 返回一个介于 -9223372036854775808 和 +9223372036854775807 之间的伪随机整数

c.execute("SELECT random() AS Random;")

print(c.fetchone())

# 返回数值参数的绝对值

c.execute("SELECT abs(5), abs(-15), abs(NULL), abs(0), abs('ABC');")

print(c.fetchone())

# 把字符串转换为大写字母

c.execute("SELECT upper(name) FROM COMPANY;")

print(c.fetchone())

# 把字符串转换为小写字母

c.execute("SELECT lower(name) FROM COMPANY;")

print(c.fetchone())

# 返回字符串的长度

c.execute("SELECT name, length(name) FROM COMPANY;")

print(c.fetchone())

# 返回 SQLite 库的版本

c.execute("SELECT sqlite_version() AS 'SQLite Version';")

print(c.fetchone())

#

c.execute("SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;")

print(c.fetchone())

PS：这里再为大家推荐2款SQL工具，附带常用语句，供大家参考：

另：关于时间戳转换还可参考本站时间戳转换工具(附带各种常用编程语言时间戳操作)：

希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。