python中普通括号和中括号的区别_用括号括起来的列表和括号在Python中有什么区别？...

>>> x=[1,2]

>>> x[1]

2

>>> x=(1,2)

>>> x[1]

2

Are they both valid? Is one preferred for some reason?

解决方案

Square brackets are lists while parentheses are tuples.

A list is mutable, meaning you can change its contents:

>>> x = [1,2]

>>> x.append(3)

>>> x

[1, 2, 3]

while tuples are not:

>>> x = (1,2)

>>> x

(1, 2)

>>> x.append(3)

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'append'

The other main difference is that a tuple is hashable, meaning that you can use it as a key to a dictionary, among other things. For example:

>>> x = (1,2)

>>> y = [1,2]

>>> z = {}

>>> z[x] = 3

>>> z

{(1, 2): 3}

>>> z[y] = 4

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'

Note that, as many people have pointed out, you can add tuples together. For example:

>>> x = (1,2)

>>> x += (3,)

>>> x

(1, 2, 3)

However, this does not mean tuples are mutable. In the example above, a new tuple is constructed by adding together the two tuples as arguments. The original tuple is not modified. To demonstrate this, consider the following:

>>> x = (1,2)

>>> y = x

>>> x += (3,)

>>> x

(1, 2, 3)

>>> y

(1, 2)

Whereas, if you were to construct this same example with a list, y would also be updated:

>>> x = [1, 2]

>>> y = x

>>> x += [3]

>>> x

[1, 2, 3]

>>> y

[1, 2, 3]