python怎么加锁_Python开发【笔记】：加锁的最佳方案

避开死锁

代码程序中，尽量要避免死锁的产生，下面分析常见的线程锁使用方式 ；注：只有同一把锁才会产生互斥

1、常见的死锁方式（加锁时程序报错，锁未释放）：

import time

import threading

class Lock():

def __init__(self):

self.mutex = threading.Lock()

def error(self):

try:

self.mutex.acquire()

a = '1'

b = 2

print(a+b)

self.mutex.release()

except Exception as e:

print(e)

def safe(self):

try:

self.mutex.acquire()

a = 1

b = 2

print(a + b)

self.mutex.release()

except Exception as e:

print(e)

def func1(cls):

while True:

cls.safe()

time.sleep(0.1)

def func2(cls):

while True:

cls.error()

time.sleep(0.1)

if __name__ == '__main__':

lock = Lock()

t1 = threading.Thread(target=func1,args=(lock,))

t1.start()

t2 = threading.Thread(target=func2,args=(lock,))

t2.start()

# 3

# must be str, not int

执行上面代码，异常抛出时，锁未释放，程序卡死

2、修补代码死锁情况（抛异常处添加锁释放）：

import time

import threading

class Lock():

def __init__(self):

self.mutex = threading.Lock()

def error(self):

try:

self.mutex.acquire()

a = '1'

b = 2

print(a+b)

self.mutex.release()

except Exception as e:

print(e)

self.mutex.release()

def safe(self):

try:

self.mutex.acquire()

a = 1

b = 2

print(a + b)

self.mutex.release()

except Exception as e:

print(e)

def func1(cls):

while True:

cls.safe()

time.sleep(0.1)

def func2(cls):

while True:

cls.error()

time.sleep(0.1)

if __name__ == '__main__':

lock = Lock()

t1 = threading.Thread(target=func1,args=(lock,))

t1.start()

t2 = threading.Thread(target=func2,args=(lock,))

t2.start()

# 3

# must be str, not int

# must be str, not int

# 3

# 3

3、最佳方案（不用手动释放，即使异常也会自动释放）：

import time

import threading

class Lock():

def __init__(self):

self.mutex = threading.Lock()

def error(self):

try:

with self.mutex:

a = '1'

b = 2

print(a+b)

except Exception as e:

print(e)

def safe(self):

try:

with self.mutex:

a = 1

b = 2

print(a + b)

except Exception as e:

print(e)

def func1(cls):

while True:

cls.safe()

time.sleep(0.1)

def func2(cls):

while True:

cls.error()

time.sleep(0.1)

if __name__ == '__main__':

lock = Lock()

t1 = threading.Thread(target=func1,args=(lock,))

t1.start()

t2 = threading.Thread(target=func2,args=(lock,))

t2.start()

# 3

# must be str, not int

# 3

# must be str, not int

# 3

# must be str, not int

希望与广大网友互动？？

点此进行留言吧！